Tranexam, 250 mg 30 pcs
€18.89 €15.74
Tranexamic has a hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic effect.
Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent specifically inhibiting the activation of profibrinolysin (plasminogen) and its conversion into fibrinolysin (plasmin).
It has local and systemic hemostatic action in bleeding associated with increased fibrinolysis as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-infective and
anti-tumor action due to suppression of formation of kinins and other active peptides involved in allergic and inflammatory reactions.
The intrinsic analgesic activity of tranexamic acid was confirmed in the experiment, as well as the supersumptive andotensive effect with respect to the analgesic activity of opiates.
Pharmacokinetics
The distribution in tissues is relatively uniform (exception is cerebrospinal fluid, where the concentration is 1/10 of the plasma concentration); penetrates through the placental and blood-brain barrier,
into breast milk (about 1% of the concentration in maternal plasma). It is found in seminal fluid, where it reduces fibrinolytic activity, but does not affect sperm migration.
The initial volume of distribution is 9-12 liters. Binding with plasma proteins (profibrinolysin) is less than 3%. In the blood about 3% is bound to protein (plasminogen).
The concentration in cerebrospinal fluid is 1/10 of plasma. Total renal clearance is equal to plasma clearance. Antifibrinolytic concentration in various tissues persists for 17 hours, in plasma – up to 7-8 hours.
A small part is metabolized. The concentration-time curve has a three-phase shape with a half-life of -2 hours in the terminal phase. Total renal clearance is equal to plasma clearance (7 l/h).
Extracted by the kidneys (main route – glomerular filtration) – more than 95% unchanged in the first 12 hours.
Two metabolites of tranexamic acid have been identified: N-acetylated and deaminated derivatives. There is a risk of cumulation of tranexamic acid in impaired renal function.
Indications
Stomatitis, Tonsillitis, Bleeding, Pharyngitis, Eczema, Nasal bleeding, Urticaria, Dermatitis, Allergies, Laryngitis Short-term treatment of bleeding associated with increased fibrinolysis in the following pathological conditions: Prostatectomy; Bladder surgery; Menorrhagia; Nasal bleeding; Cervical conization; Traumatic hyphema (bleeding into the anterior chamber of the eye). Prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients with hemophilia who undergo minor surgical intervention (including tooth extraction). Hereditary angioedema (prevention of exacerbations of the disease). Bleeding during pregnancy.
Active ingredient
Tranexamic acid
Composition
Composition per tablet: Active substance: tranexamic acid 250.0 mg. Excipients (core): microcrystalline cellulose, hyprolose, sodium carboxymethyl starch, talc, colloidal silicon dioxide, calcium stearate. Excipients (coating): hypromellose, titanium dioxide, talc, macrogol.
How to take, the dosage
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Ingestion, regardless of meals.
Short-term treatment of bleeding due to increased fibrinolysis: The recommended standard dose of tranexamic acid is 15-25 mg/kg body weight, an average of 1000-1500 mg 2-3 times daily.
- Prostatectomy and bladder surgery: 1000 mg 6 hours before surgery, then 1000 mg 3-4 times daily until macrohematuria disappears. It is not recommended to use the drug more than 2 weeks after surgery.
- In menorrhagia: the recommended dose is 1000 mg 3 times daily until cessation of menorrhagia, but no more than 4 days. In case of profuse bleeding, the drug dose may be increased, with a total daily dose not exceeding 4000 mg. Treatment with tranexamic acid should not be started before menstrual bleeding. In clinical studies, tranexamic acid has not been used for more than three consecutive menstrual cycles.
- In recurrent nosebleeds: 1000 mg 3 times daily for 7 days.
- After cervical conization surgery: 1500 mg 3 times daily for 12 days after surgery.
- In traumatic hyphema: 1000-1500 mg 3 times daily (target dose 25 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days.
- Hemophilia patients:The drug is administered orally at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight 2 hours before tooth extraction, and then at 1000-1500 mg 3 times daily for 6-8 days. Drugs of blood clotting factors VIII or IX should be prescribed at the same time.
- In hereditary angioedema: 1000-1500 mg 2-3 times daily. If the patient can anticipate an exacerbation of the disease, the drug may be taken intermittently depending on the presence of prodromal symptoms. In other cases the drug should be taken continuously.
- Bleeding during pregnancy: 250-500 mg 3-4 times a day until the bleeding stops. The average duration of treatment is 7 days.
Application of the drug in special groups of patients
Kidney function disorders
In patients with mild to moderate impaired renal excretory function, adjustment of the dose and frequency of tranexamic acid is necessary:
Serum creatinine concentration | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) | Dose of tranexamic acid | Rate of administration | |
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120-249 μmol/L (1.36-2.82 mg/dL) | 60-89 ml/min/1.73m2 | 15 mg/kg body weight | 2 times daily | |
250-500 µmol/Lbr>(2.83-5.66 mg/dL) | 30-59 ml/min/1.73m2 | 15 mg/kg body weight | 1 time per day |
Interaction
In concomitant use with hemostatic drugs and hemocoagulase, activation of thrombosis is possible.
The solution should not be added to blood products and solutions containing penicillin.
Special Instructions
In patients with hereditary angioedema, a consultation with an ophthalmologist (visual acuity, color vision, fundus condition) is necessary before treatment begins. Regular ophthalmologic examinations (including assessment of visual acuity and color perception, examination of the fundus with a slit lamp, measurement of intraocular pressure, assessment of visual fields) are necessary during treatment. If visual disturbances occur during treatment with tranexamic acid, the drug should be discontinued. In patients with hereditary angioedema receiving tranexamic acid preparations for a long time, regular laboratory monitoring of liver function is required. Tranexamic acid preparations should be used with caution in hematuria caused by kidney parenchyma diseases, because in these conditions intravascular fibrin deposition is often observed, which may aggravate kidney damage. In addition, in cases of massive bleeding of any etiology from the upper urinary tract, antifibrinolytic therapy increases the risk of blood clot formation in the renal pelvis and/or ureter and, accordingly, secondary mechanical obstruction of the urinary tract and development of anuria. Although the clinical studies have not revealed a significant increase in the incidence of thrombosis, but the risk of thrombotic complications can not be completely excluded. Cases of venous and arterial thrombosis and thromboembolism have been described in patients receiving tranexamic acid. In addition, cases of central retinal artery occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion have been reported. Several patients developed intracranial thrombosis during treatment with tranexamic acid. Accordingly, in patients with a high risk of thrombosis (history of thromboembolic complications, cases of thromboembolism in relatives, verified diagnosis of thrombophilia) tranexamic acid should be used only if absolutely necessary and under strict medical supervision. Before the use of tranexamic acid, an examination aimed at identifying risk factors of thromboembolic complications should be performed. The presence of blood in cavities such as the pleural cavity, joint cavities and urinary tract (including the renal pelvis and bladder) may lead to the formation of an “insoluble clot” due to extravascular clotting, which may be resistant to physiological fibrinolysis. Patients with irregular menstrual bleeding should not be prescribed tranexamic acid until the cause of dysmenorrhea is established. If menstrual bleeding volume is inadequately reduced during tranexamic acid treatment, alternative treatment should be considered. There are insufficient data on the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid in the treatment of menorrhagia in patients under 15 years of age, so the drug should be used with caution. Caution should be exercised when using tranexamic acid in women simultaneously taking combined oral contraceptives due to the increased risk of thrombosis (See section “Interaction with other medicinal products”). In patients with DICH who require treatment with tranexamic acid, therapy should be carried out under the close supervision of a physician experienced in the treatment of this disease. Due to the lack of adequate clinical studies, concomitant use of tranexamic acid with anticoagulants should be carried out under the close supervision of a specialist experienced in the treatment of blood clotting disorders. If during the use of tranexamic acid visual impairment is observed, it is necessary to stop taking the drug and consult a physician.
Synopsis
Round biconvex white film-coated tablets. On cross section the core is white or white with a creamy or grayish tint.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to tranexamic acid or other drug components; Severe chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] less than 30 mg/mL/1.73m2) due to the risk of cumulation; Venous or arterial thrombosis at present or in the history (deep leg thrombosis, pulmonary thromboembolism, intracranial thrombosis, etc.).) when concomitant therapy with anticoagulants is impossible; Fibrinolysis due to consumption coagulopathy (hypocoagulation stage of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome [DIC]); Seizures in history; Acquired color vision disorder; Subarachnoid hemorrhage (due to the risk of brain edema, ischemia and cerebral infarction); Children under 3 years old (solid dosage form).
Side effects
The incidence of adverse drug reactions is defined according to the WHO classification: very common (1/10), common (1/100, ≤1/10), infrequent (1/1000, ≤1/100), rare (1/10000, ≤1/1000), very rare (less than 1/10000), the frequency is unknown (cannot be determined by available data). Gastrointestinal disorders: common – nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (symptoms disappear with dose reduction). Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rare – skin allergic reactions, including allergic dermatitis. Visual disorders: rare – visual disturbances, including color perception disorders, retinal vascular thrombosis. Vascular disorders: rare – thromboembolic complications, marked decrease in blood pressure (usually due to excessively rapid intravenous administration, in exceptional cases – after oral administration); very rare – arterial and venous thrombosis of various localizations; frequency unknown – acute myocardial infarction, cerebral artery thrombosis, carotid artery thrombosis, stroke, deep vein thrombosis in legs, pulmonary embolism, renal artery thrombosis with development of cortical necrosis and acute renal failure, aortocoronary shunt occlusion, central artery and retinal vein thrombosis. Immune system disorders: very rare – hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic shock. Nervous system disorders: rarely – dizziness, seizures (usually when administered intravenously).
Pregnancy use
In preclinical studies tranexamic acid had no teratogenic effects. Adequate and strictly controlled studies of efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in pregnant women have not been conducted. Tranexamic acid penetrates the placenta and may be present in umbilical cord blood at concentrations close to maternal concentration. Because reproductive studies in animals do not always predict reactions in humans, tranexamic acid should only be used during pregnancy if absolutely necessary. Tranexamic acid penetrates into breast milk (concentration of the drug in milk is about 1% of the concentration in maternal plasma). Development of antifibrinolytic effect in the infant is unlikely. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when using tranexamic acid in nursing mothers.
Similarities
Cyclogemal
Weight | 0.021 kg |
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Shelf life | 3 years. Do not use after the expiration date. |
Conditions of storage | At a temperature not higher than 30 ° C. Keep out of reach of children. |
Manufacturer | Obninsk HFC, Russia |
Medication form | pills |
Brand | Obninsk HFC |
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