Rosucard, 40 mg 90 pcs

Rosucard is a hypolipidemic drug from the group of statins. It is a selective competitive inhibitor of Z-hydroxy-Z-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA)-reductase – the enzyme that converts HMG-CoA into mevalonate, a precursor of cholesterol (CH).

Lincreases the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on the surface of hepatocytes, which leads to increased capture and catabolism of LDL, inhibiting the synthesis of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), reducing the total concentration of LDL and VLDL. Reduces concentrations of CH-LDL, high-density cholesterol-non-lipoproteins (HDL-C), LDL-C, total CH, triglycerides (TG), TG-LDL-C, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), decreases the ratios of CH-LDL/HC-LDL, total CH/CH-LDL, non-HC-LDL/HC-LDL, apoB/apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-I), increases concentrations of CH-LDL and apoA-I.

The hypolipidemic effect is directly proportional to the dose prescribed. The therapeutic effect appears within 1 week after the start of therapy, after 2 weeks it reaches 90% of the maximum, by 4 weeks it reaches the maximum and then remains constant. Effective in adult patients with hypercholesterolemia with or without hypertriglyceridemia (regardless of race, sex or age), including patients with diabetes and familial hypercholesterolemia. In 80% of patients with hypercholesterolemia of IIa and IIb types (classification according to Fredrickson) with baseline mean concentration of cholesterol-LDL about 4.8 mmol / L against the drug administration in a dose of 10 mg, cholesterol-LDL concentration reaches values less than 3 mmol / L. In patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia taking the drug in doses of 20 mg and 40 mg the mean decrease of LDL-C concentration is 22%.

Additive effect is noted in combination with fenofibrate (in regard to decrease of TG concentration and with nicotinic acid in lipid-lowering doses (at least 1 g/day) (in regard to decrease of HDL-C concentration).

Indications

• Primary hypercholesterolemia (Fredrickson type IIa) including heterozygous hereditary hypercholesterolemia or mixed (combined) hypercholesterolemia (Fredrickson type IIb) as a supplement to diet and other nonmedicamental measures (exercise and weight loss) when diet therapy and nonmedicamental measures are not effective;
• Homozygous form of hereditary hypercholesterolemia and when diet therapy and other lipid-lowering therapies (e.g., LDL apheresis) are not effective or when such therapies are not appropriate for the patient.
• Hypertriglyceridemia (Fredrickson type IV) as a dietary supplement.
• To slow the progression of atherosclerosis, as an adjunct to the diet in patients who are indicated for therapy to reduce total and LDL-C concentrations.
• .Prevention of major cardiovascular complications (stroke, heart attack, arterial revascularization) in adult patients without clinical signs of coronary heart disease (CHD), but with an increased risk of its development (age over 50 years for men and over 60 years for women, elevated C-reactive protein concentration (≥ 2 mg/L) with at least one additional risk factor, such as hypertension, low HDL-C, smoking, family history of early-onset CHD).

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Active ingredient

Rosuvastatin

Composition

1 tablet is rosuvastatin calcium 41.6 mg, which corresponds to the content of rosuvastatin 40 mg.

Auxiliary substances:

Lactose monohydrate – 240 mg,

Microcrystalline cellulose – 181.6 mg,

croscarmellose sodium – 4.8 mg,

colloidal silicon dioxide – 2.4 mg,

magnesium stearate – 9.6 mg.

Composition of the film coating:

Hypromellose 2910/5 – 10 mg, macrogol 6000 – 1.6 mg, titanium dioxide – 1.3 mg, talc – 1.9 mg, iron oxide red dye – 200 µg.

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How to take, the dosage

Overly, without chewing and crushing, swallowed whole with water, at any time of day regardless of meals.
Before starting therapy with ROSUKARD® a patient should start a standard hypolipidemic diet and continue it during treatment. The drug dose should be adjusted individually depending on indications and therapeutic response, taking into account current generally accepted recommendations on target lipid levels. If it is necessary to take the drug in a dose of 5 mg, the 10 mg tablet should be divided into two parts by risk.

The recommended starting dose of ROSUKARD® for patients starting to take the drug or for patients switching from other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors is 5 or 10 mg once daily. When choosing the initial dose, the patient’s cholesterol content should be guided and the risk of cardiovascular complications should be taken into account, and the potential risk of side effects should be assessed. If necessary, the drug dose may be increased after 4 weeks.

With regard to the possible development of side effects when taking a dose of 40 mg compared to lower doses of the drug (see “Side Effects”).

Particularly in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia and a high risk of cardiovascular complications (especially in patients with hereditary hypercholesterolemia) who will be under medical supervision and whose target cholesterol levels were not achieved with the 20 mg dose, final titration to a maximum dose of 40 mg should only be performed.

Patients with hepatic impairment

In patients with hepatic impairment with Child-Pugh scores below 7, no dose adjustment of ROSUKARD® is necessary.

Patients with renal impairment

In patients with mild renal impairment, no dose adjustment is required. The recommended starting dose of ROSUKARD® is 5 mg per day.

In patients with severe renal insufficiency (CKD less than 30 ml/min) the use of ROSUKARD® is contraindicated.
In patients with moderate renal insufficiency (CKD 30-60 ml/min) the use of ROSUKARD® in dose of 40 mg per day is contraindicated.

Particular populations.

Elderly patients

Dose adjustment is not required in patients over 65 years of age.

Patients with predisposition to myopathy

The use of ROSUCARD® at a dose of 40 mg daily is contraindicated in patients with predisposition to myopathy. When doses of 10 mg and 20 mg daily are prescribed, the recommended starting dose of ROSUCARD® for this group of patients is 5 mg daily.

Ethnic groups

When studying pharmacokinetic parameters of rosuvastatin an increase in systemic drug concentration was noted in persons of mongoloid race. This should be considered when prescribing ROSUCARD® to patients of Mongoloid race. When prescribing doses of 10 and 20 mg, the recommended starting dose of ROSUKARD® for this group of patients is 5 mg per day. Administration of ROSUKARD® at a dose of 40 mg daily is contraindicated in patients of Mongoloid race.
When prescribing ROSUKARD® with gemfibrozil the dose should not exceed 10 mg daily.

Interaction

Concomitant use of rosuvastatin and cyclosporine has no effect on the plasma concentration of cyclosporine, but the effect of rosuvastatin is enhanced (its excretion slows down, AUC increases 7-fold, Cmax increases 11-fold).

Eritromycin increases intestinal motility, which leads to reduction of the effect of rosuvastatin (AUC decreases by 20% and Cmax by 30%).

In patients receiving vitamin K antagonists (e.g., warfarin) monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) is recommended because initiation of rosuvastatin therapy or increasing the dose of the drug may increase INR, and discontinuation of rosuvastatin or reducing its dose may decrease it. Gemfibrozil enhances the effect of rosuvastatin (increases Cmax and AUC by 2-fold). Concomitant use of rosuvastatin and antacids containing aluminum and magnesium hydroxide leads to a decrease in plasma concentration of rosuvastatin by about 50%. This effect is weaker if antacids are used 2 h after taking rosuvastatin.

The concomitant use of rosuvastatin and oral contraceptives increases AUC of ethinylestradiol and AUC of nogestrel by 26% and 34%, respectively, which should be considered when choosing a dose of oral contraceptives. There are no pharmacokinetic data on concomitant use of rosuvastatin and hormone replacement therapy; therefore, a similar effect cannot be excluded when using this combination.

The results of studies have shown that rosuvastatin is neither an inhibitor nor an inducer of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. Rosuvastatin is a non-core substrate for these isoenzymes. No clinically significant interactions have been observed with drugs such as fluconazole, ketoconazole and itraconazole, which are metabolized with the cytochrome P450 system.

There were no clinically significant interactions of rosuvastatin with digoxin or pheno-fibrate, Hemfibrozil, other fibrates and hypolipidemic doses of nicotinic acid (at least 1 g/day) increased the risk of myopathy when concomitantly used with other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. It is possible due to the fact that they can also cause myopathy when used as monotherapy.

The co-administration of rosuvastatin and ezetimibe did not lead to changes in AUC or Cmax of both drugs.
Use of HIV protease inhibitors (human immunodeficiency virus) with rosuvastatin may lead to a significant increase in the effect of rosuvastatin. A pharmacokinetic study of co-administration in healthy volunteers of 20 mg rosuvastatin and a combination of two HIV protease inhibitors (400 mg lopinavir / 100 mg ritonavir) resulted in approximately two- and five-fold increases in AUC(0-24) and Cmax, respectively. Thus, co-administration of rosuvastatin with HIV protease inhibitors is not recommended in HIV-infected patients.

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Special Instructions

During treatment, especially during dose adjustment of Rosucard® , the lipid profile should be monitored every 2-4 weeks and the drug dose should be changed if necessary.

It is recommended that liver function tests be performed before therapy and 3 months after the start of therapy. Rosecard® should be discontinued or the dose should be reduced if the serum hepatic transaminase activity is 3 times greater than BHF.

When using Rosucard® at a dose of 40 mg, it is recommended to monitor renal function parameters.

In patients with hypercholesterolemia due to hypothyroidism or nephrotic syndrome, therapy for underlying disease should be performed before starting treatment with Rosucard®.

In patients with existing risk factors for rhabdomyolysis, the ratio of expected benefit to potential risk should be considered and clinical monitoring should be conducted throughout the course of treatment.

Patients should be informed to immediately inform their physician if they experience muscle pain, muscle weakness, or cramping, especially if combined with malaise and fever.

In such patients, CPK activity should be determined. Therapy should be discontinued if CPK activity is significantly increased (more than 5 times that of IGN) or muscle symptoms are severe and cause daily discomfort. If symptoms disappear and CPK activity returns to normal, consideration should be given to re-prescribing Rosecard® or other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors at lower doses with close monitoring of the patient.

The determination of CPK activity should not be performed after vigorous physical activity or in the presence of other possible causes of its increase, which may lead to misinterpretation of the results. If the baseline CPK activity is significantly elevated, repeat measurement after 5-7 days – therapy should not be started if the repeat test confirms the baseline CPK activity (5 times higher than normal).

Routine monitoring of CPK activity in the absence of the symptoms described above is inappropriate.

A higher incidence of myositis and myopathy has been reported in patients taking other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in combination with fibrates (including gemfibrozil), cyclosporine, nicotinic acid, azole antifungals, protease inhibitors and macrolide antibiotics. The ratio of expected benefit to potential risk should be carefully weighed in coadministration of Rosecard® and fibrates or nicotinic acid (in lipid-lowering doses – 1 g/day), concomitant administration of gemfibrozil is not recommended.

In most cases, proteinuria decreases or disappears during therapy and does not indicate the occurrence of acute or exacerbation of existing renal disease. Assessment of renal function should be performed during routine evaluation of patients receiving a dose of 40 mg.

The statin class of drugs has the potential to cause elevated blood glucose concentrations. In some patients with high risk of developing diabetes mellitus such changes may lead to its manifestation, which is an indication for prescription of hypoglycemic therapy. However, the reduction in the risk of vascular disease on the background of statins exceeds the risk of diabetes mellitus, so this factor should not serve as a reason for withdrawal of statin treatment. Patients in risk group (fasting blood glucose concentration 5,6-6,9 mmol/l, BMI >30 kg/m2, hypertriglyceridemia, arterial hypertension in anamnesis) should be under medical supervision and biochemical parameters should be controlled regularly.

The co-administration of rosuvastatin and HIV protease inhibitors is not recommended.

In long-term use of rosuvastatin single cases of interstitial lung disease have been reported. If interstitial lung disease is suspected, therapy with Rosucard® should be discontinued.

When studying pharmacokinetic parameters of rosuvastatin an increase in systemic drug concentration has been noted in mongoloid race (see “Pharmacokinetics”). This fact should be considered when prescribing Rosucard® to these patients.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery. Caution should be exercised while driving motor transport and doing activities requiring high concentration and quick psychomotor reactions (dizziness may occur during the therapy).

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Contraindications

• High sensitivity to rosuvastatin or other drug components;
• Hepatic disease in the active phase or sustained elevation of serum hepatic transaminases (more than 3 times the upper limit of normal) of unclear origin, liver failure (severity 7 to 9 points on the Child-Pugh scale);
• Creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) blood concentrations more than 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN);
• .Hereditary conditions such as lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption (due to the presence of lactose);
• Myopathy;
• Patients who are predisposed to the development of myotoxic complications;
• Simultaneous use of cyclosporine;
• Combined use with HIV protease inhibitors;
• .Women of reproductive age who do not use adequate contraception;
• Pregnancy and lactation;
• Age under 18 years of age (efficacy and safety not established).

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Side effects

The central nervous system: often – headache, dizziness, asthenic syndrome; very rarely – peripheral neuropathy, memory loss.

The digestive system: frequent – nausea, constipation, abdominal pain; infrequent – vomiting; rare – pancreatitis; very rare – hepatitis, jaundice; unspecified frequency – diarrhea.

Respiratory system: infrequent – cough, dyspnea.

Endocrine system: frequently – diabetes mellitus type 2.

Musculoskeletal system: often – myalgia; very rarely – arthralgia; rarely – myopathy (including myositis), rhabdomyolysis.

Allergic reactions: infrequent – skin itching, urticaria, rash, rarely – angioedema.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue: unspecified frequency – Stevens-Johnson syndrome, peripheral edema.

Survivors of the urinary system: frequent – proteinuria (with a frequency of more than 3% in patients receiving a dose of 40 mg), decreasing with therapy and not associated with the occurrence of renal disease, urinary tract infection; very rare – hematuria.

Laboratory parameters: infrequent transient dose-dependent increase of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity; with increase of more than 5 times the upper limit of normal, therapy should be temporarily suspended; rare – transient increase of aspartataminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity.

As with other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, the incidence is dose-dependent; side effects are usually mild and self-limited.

When using ROSUKARD® changes in the following laboratory parameters were noted: increase of glucose concentration, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase activity, gamma-glutamyltransferase.
The following side effects were reported with other statins: depression, insomnia, decreased potency.

In long-term use of rosuvastatin, single cases of interstitial lung disease have been reported.

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Overdose

The pharmacokinetic parameters of rosuvastatin do not change when multiple daily doses are administered simultaneously.

Treatment: there is no specific treatment, symptomatic therapy to maintain the functions of vital organs and systems is carried out. Monitoring of liver function parameters and CPK activity is necessary. Hemodialysis is ineffective.

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Pregnancy use

The use of Rosucard in women of reproductive age is possible only if reliable contraceptive methods are used and if the patient is informed about the possible risks of the treatment for the fetus.

Because cholesterol and cholesterol-synthesized substances are important for fetal development, the potential risk of HMG-CoA reductase inhibition exceeds the benefits of using the drug during pregnancy. Rosecard is contraindicated in pregnancy and during lactation.

If pregnancy is diagnosed during therapy with the drug, Rosucard should be stopped immediately and the patient advised of the potential risk to the fetus.

If it is necessary to use the drug during lactation, given the possibility of adverse events in breastfed children, discontinuation of breastfeeding should be considered.

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Similarities

Mertenil, Crestor, Rosulip, Rosucard, Rosart, Rosuvastatin, Rosistarque, Roxera, Suvardio, Rosuvastatin NW, Cardiolip