Pentoxifylline, 20 mg/ml concentrate 5 ml 10 pcs

Pharmacotherapeutic group:
Vasodilator.
ATX code
[C04AD03] Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Pentoxifylline is a xanthine derivative. It improves microcirculation and rheological blood properties. Mechanism of action is associated with inhibition of phosphodiesterase and increasing of cyclic 3,5 adenosine monophosphate (3,5-AMP) in platelets and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in erythrocytes with simultaneous saturation of energy potential, which in turn leads to vasodilation, reduction of total peripheral vascular resistance, increase of systolic and minute blood volume without significant change in heart rate. By dilating the coronary arteries, it increases oxygen delivery to the myocardium (slight antianginal effect), pulmonary vessels – improves blood oxygenation.
When administered intravenously it leads to increased collateral circulation, increased blood volume flowing through a section unit.
Reduces blood viscosity, causes platelet disaggregation, increases erythrocyte elasticity (by affecting abnormal deformability of erythrocytes). Improves microcirculation in areas of poor circulation.
When peripheral arterial occlusive disease (“intermittent claudication”) leads to the elongation of walking distance, eliminating night cramps of the calf muscles and pain at rest.
Pharmacokinetics
The drug is quickly metabolized after administration in the liver. During metabolism two main metabolites are formed: 1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine (metabolite I) and 1-(3-carboxypropyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine (metabolite V), which have similar activity to pentoxifylline. In 1.5-2 hours after infusion, plasma concentrations of metabolites I and V are, respectively, 5 and 8 times higher than those of the parent substance. By 8 hours the concentration of pentoxifylline and its metabolites in blood is significantly reduced (up to 10% of the initial concentration).
Half-life is from 30 minutes to 1.5 hours. It is excreted mainly by kidneys (94%) as metabolites (mainly metabolite V) and intestines (4%). 90% of dose is excreted in the first 4 hours. 2% of the drug is excreted unchanged. Pentoxifylline and its metabolites are not bound to plasma proteins.
excreted with breast milk.
With severe renal impairment excretion of metabolites is delayed. In liver dysfunction there is prolongation of half-life and increased bioavailability.

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

Excipients:
sodium chloride – 6 mg, sodium dihydrophosphate dihydrate (sodium phosphate displaced 2-water) – 1 mg, 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution to pH 6.0 – 8.0, water for injection to 1 ml.

How to take, the dosage

Interaction

Special Instructions

Contraindications

Side effects

Overdose

Treatment: symptomatic, aimed at maintaining respiratory function and blood pressure.

Pregnancy use

If it is necessary to prescribe Pentoxifylline during lactation, breastfeeding should be stopped due to the fact that Pentoxifylline penetrates into the breast milk (according to the section “Pharmacokinetics”).

Similarities