Ondansetron, 2 mg/ml 2 ml 5 pcs

Ondansetron is an antiemetic.

Effectively prevents and eliminates nausea and vomiting occurring against the background of anti-tumor chemotherapy or radiation therapy, as well as in the postoperative period.

The mechanism of action is due to the ability of ondansetron to selectively block serotonin 5-HT3 receptors.

The stimulation of afferent fibers of the vagus nerve by serotonin released from enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal mucosa is believed to play an important role in the occurrence of nausea and vomiting during antitumor therapy.

Blocking 5-HT3 receptors, ondansetron prevents the onset of the gag reflex. In addition, ondansetron inhibits central links of the gag reflex by blocking 5-HT3-receptors of the floor of the IV ventricle (area postrema).

Indications

Prevention of nausea and vomiting during antitumor chemotherapy or radiation therapy; prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period.

Active ingredient

Composition

1 ampoule contains:

Active substance:

ondansetron (in the form of dihydrate hydrochloride) 2 mg.

How to take, the dosage

Ondansetron is administered intravenously (infusion), intramuscularly.

In adults with moderate emetogenic chemotherapy and radiation therapy initially: 8 mg, once by IV slowly just before the start of the course and again 8-12 h; adults and adolescents 12 years and older can be infused for 15 min – 32 mg once 30 min before the start of the course or 0.15 mg/kg 3 times – 30 min before chemotherapy and then 4 and 8 h later.

Interaction

Since ondansetron is metabolized by the liver enzyme system (cytochrome P450), caution is required when coadministering with CYP2D6 and CYP3A cytochrome P450 isoenzyme inducers (barbiturates, carbamazepine, griseofulvin, nitrous oxide, papaverine, phenylbutazone, phenytoin and probably other hydantoins, rifampicin, tolbutamide), and with P450 CYP2D6 and CYP3A isoenzyme inhibitors (allopurinol, macrolide antibiotics, MAO inhibitor antidepressants, chloramphenicol, cimetidine, estrogen-containing oral contraceptives, diltiazem, disulfiram, erythromycin, valproic acid, sodium valproate, fluconazole, fluoroquinolones, isoniazid, ketoconazole, lovastatin, metronidazole, omeprazole, propranololol, quinidine, quinine, verapamil).

Special Instructions

When used in patients with moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction, it is not recommended to exceed the dose of 8 mg/day. Use Ondansetron with caution during abdominal surgery, as its use may mask progressive intestinal obstruction.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, childhood – for rectal administration (up to 2 years old – for oral and parenteral administration).

Side effects

Gastrointestinal system disorders: constipation/diarrhea, dry mouth, hiccups, transient increase in AST and ALT levels.

Nervous system and sensory organs: headache, dizziness, spontaneous motor disorders and seizures, visual acuity disorders, extrapyramidal disorders (in parenteral use).

Cardiovascular and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): syncope, chest pain, in some cases with ST-segment depression, bradycardia, arrhythmia, arterial hypotension.

Allergic reactions: urticaria, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, angioedema, anaphylaxis.

Others: fever, sensation of heat, blood rush to the face, hypokalemia, hypercreatinemia, local reactions (pain, redness and burning at the injection site); burning in the anus and rectum (suppositories).

Overdose

Symptoms: increased severity of adverse reactions.

Treatment: symptomatic therapy. The specific antidote is unknown.

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