Magnesium sulfate, 250 mg/mL 10 ml 10 pcs

In parenteral administration it has anticonvulsant, antiarrhythmic, hypotensive, antispasmodic effects, in high doses it inhibits neuromuscular transmission, has tocolytic effect, inhibits respiratory center. Mg2+ is a “physiological” BMCC and is able to displace it from binding sites.

It regulates metabolic processes, inter-neuronal transmission and muscle excitability, inhibits Ca2+ entry through the presynaptic membrane, reduces the amount of acetylcholine in the peripheral nervous system and CNS. It relaxes smooth muscles, reduces BP (mostly elevated), increases diuresis.

The anticonvulsant action – Mg2+ reduces the release of acetylcholine from neuromuscular synapses, thus suppressing neuromuscular transmission, has a direct inhibitory effect on the CNS.

The antiarrhythmic action – Mg2+ reduces excitability of cardiomyocytes, restores ionic balance, stabilizes cell membranes, disrupts Na+ flow, slow incoming Ca2+ flow and one-way K+ flow.

The cardioprotective effect is due to the dilation of the coronary arteries, reduction of OPPS and platelet aggregation. Tocolytic effect – Mg2+ inhibits myometrial contractility (decreases absorption, binding and distribution of Ca2+ in smooth muscle cells), increases blood flow in the uterus as a result of the expansion of its vessels. It is an antidote for poisoning by salts of heavy metals.

The systemic effects develop almost immediately after IV and 1 h after IV/m injection. Duration of action after intravenous injection is 30 minutes, after intravenous injection – 3-4 hours.

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

Active substance:

Magnesium sulfate

How to take, the dosage

In m or v/v. Magnesium sulfate is used only by prescription. Doses are specified taking into account the therapeutic effect and concentration of magnesium sulfate in blood serum.

In case of hypertensive crises the drug is administered slowly in an oral or intravenous form, 5-20 ml of 25% solution. In convulsive syndrome and spastic states the drug is administered by 5-20 ml of 25% solution in combination with anxiolytics with a pronounced central myorelaxant effect.

In acute poisonings with mercury, arsenic, tetraethyl lead are administered by 5-10 ml of 5-10% solution of magnesium sulfate in vivo.

Interaction

It enhances the effect of other drugs that depress the CNS. Cardiac glycosides increase the risk of conduction disorders and AV blockade (especially with concomitant intravenous administration of Ca2+ salts).

Myorelaxants and nifedipine increase neuromuscular blockade. When concomitant use of magnesium sulfate for parenteral administration with other vasodilators may increase the hypotensive effect. Barbiturates, narcotic analgesics, hypotensive drugs increase the likelihood of respiratory center depression. Disrupts absorption of tetracycline antibiotics, weakens the effect of streptomycin and tobramycin.

The Ca2+ salts reduce the effect of magnesium sulfate. Pharmaceutically incompatible (forms precipitate) with Ca2+ preparations, ethanol (in high concentrations), carbonates, hydrocarbonates and phosphates of alkali metals, salts of arsenic acid, barium, strontium, clindamycin phosphate, sodium succinate hydrocortisone, polymixin B sulfate, procaine hydrochloride, salicylates and tartrates. At Mg2+ concentrations above 10 mmol/ml in total parenteral nutrition mixtures, fat emulsions can be separated.

Contraindications

Side effects

Early signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia: bradycardia, diplopia, sudden “rush” of blood to the facial skin, headache, decreased BP, nausea, dyspnea, slurred speech, vomiting, asthenia.

The signs of hypermagnesemia, ranked in order of increasing serum Mg2+ concentration: decreased deep tendon reflexes (2-3.5 mmol/L), prolonged P-Q interval and dilated QRS complex on ECG (2.5-5 mmol/L), loss of deep tendon reflexes (4-5 mmol/L), respiratory center depression (5-6.5 mmol/L), cardiac conduction disturbance (7.5 mmol/L), cardiac arrest (12.5 mmol/L).

In addition, hyperhidrosis, anxiety, deep sedation, polyuria, uterine atony.

Overdose

Symptoms: possible respiratory depression, CNS depression, up to the development of narcosis.

Treatment: as an antidote in case of magnesium sulfate overdose use calcium preparations – calcium chloride or calcium gluconate.

Similarities