Levomycetin, 3% 25 ml

Levomycetin is an antimicrobial effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. It has a pronounced bacteriostatic action, in high concentrations against some strains it shows bactericidal action.

The mechanism of action is based on the ability to bind with 50S-subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibit protein synthesis in bacterial cells. Escherichia coli, Shigella spp. (including Shigella dysenteria), Salmonella spp., Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Neisseria spp., Proteus spp., Ricketsia spp., Treponema spp. and Chlamydia trachomatis are sensitive to the action of Levomycin. In addition, the drug is effective for diseases caused by some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The action of the drug does not cover fungi, protozoa and strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Resistance of microorganisms to levomycetin develops slowly. After oral administration the drug is quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability with oral administration reaches 80%. Peak plasma concentrations are observed 1-3 hours after oral administration and therapeutically significant concentrations are retained in plasma for 4-6 hours, after parenteral administration – for 8-12 hours.

The degree of binding of chlorpheniramine to plasma proteins is about 50%. Levomycetin penetrates through the blood-placental and blood-encephalic barrier, is excreted with breast milk. It is metabolized in the liver, excreted mainly by the kidneys, some part of the drug is excreted by the intestine. The elimination half-life is 1.5-3.5 hours.

In patients with impaired renal function the half-life is prolonged to 3-4 hours; in patients with hepatic impairment – up to 11 hours.