Duoprost, eye drops 2.5 ml

Duoprost is an anti-glaucoma combination drug.

Latanoprost is a prostaglandin F2α analog and a selective FP receptor agonist. It reduces intraocular pressure by increasing outflow of aqueous humor and has anti-glaucoma effect.

The main mechanism of action of latanoprost is associated with an increase in uveoscleral outflow. It has no significant effect on aqueous humor production and does not affect the blood-ophthalmic barrier.

Timolol is a non-selective β-adrenoreceptor blocker with minor intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane stabilizing activity. When used topically, it lowers intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor formation and slightly increasing its outflow.

Pharmacokinetics

Latanoprost

Absorption and distribution/p>

Cmax in aqueous humor (approximately 15-30 ng/mL) is reached 2 h after instillation into the eye. After application of the eye drops, latanoprost is distributed primarily in the anterior segment of the eye, in the conjunctiva and in the eyelids. Only a small amount of the drug reaches the posterior segment. Latanoprost undergoes hydrolysis in the cornea by esterases to form a biologically active acid.

Metabolism and excretion

The metabolism of latanoprost acid in the eye tissues is almost non-existent. The main metabolism occurs in the liver. T1/2 from plasma is 17 min. The major metabolites, 1,2-dinor- and 1,2,3,4-tetranor-metabolites, have little or no biological activity and are mostly excreted in the urine.

Timolol

Timololol penetrates rapidly through the cornea when administered topically. After instillation of eye drops, the Cmax of timolol in the aqueous humor of the eye is reached after 1 hour.

T1/2 from plasma is 6 hours. A small amount enters the systemic bloodstream by absorption through the vessels of the conjunctiva, nasal mucosa and lacrimal tract. Excretion of thymolol metabolites is mainly by the kidneys.

Indications

Glaucoma, Elevated Intraocular Pressure

• Elevated intraocular pressure of any nature
• Open angle glaucoma

Active ingredient

Latanoprost, Timolol

Composition

Active ingredients:

Latanoprost 50 mcg;

Timolol (in maleate form) 5 mg;

Ancillary substances:

dodium hydrophosphate dodecahydrate – 11.85 mg,

sodium dihydrophosphate dihydrate – 5.2 mg,

sodium chloride – 4.1 mg,

benzalkonium chloride – 0.2 mg,

sodium hydroxide 1M solution/hydrochloric acid 1M solution – to pH 6.0±0.1,

purified water – to 1 ml.

How to take, the dosage

Duoprost is instilled into the eye or eyes once a day.

If a dose is missed, you should continue treatment with the next dose as usual.

If more than one ophthalmic drug is prescribed for topical use, these products must be administered 5 minutes or more apart.

Interaction

Simultaneous use of Duoprost and “slow” calcium channel blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, beta-adrenoblockers, cardiac glycosides, cholinomimetics, narcotic analgesics, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, as well as drugs that reduce catecholamine activity may increase its hypotensive effect or lead to marked bradycardia.

The use of timolol with epinephrine occasionally causes mydriasis.

Special Instructions

Duoprost is capable of causing eye discoloration due to increased levels of brown iris pigment.

The product contains benzalkonium chloride, which is absorbed by contact lenses, damaging eye tissue. So be sure to remove your contact lenses before using it and insert them again after 15 minutes.

Eye drops can cause temporary vision changes, so be aware of this when you drive a car or operate moving machinery.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity;
• COPD, bronchial asthma (including anamnesis);
• .Sinus bradycardia, chronic heart failure in decompensation, degree II-III atrioventricular block, cardiogenic shock;
• Children and adolescents under 18 years of age;
• Breastfeeding period.

Duoprost may be prescribed with caution when:

• Inflammatory, neovascular, closed-angle or congenital glaucoma, and open-angle glaucoma combined with pseudophakia and pigmentary glaucoma (due to lack of clinical experience with use);
• aphakia, pseudophakia and posterior lens capsule rupture, pregnancy;
• patients at high risk of macular edema (including cystoid).

.

Side effects

• Visual disorders, blepharitis, cataracts, conjunctivitis, conjunctival allergic reactions (follicles, pinpoint hemorrhages, papillary conjunctival reactions, etc.), corneal lesions (pigmentation, erosions, pinpoint keratitis, etc.).), refractive disorders, red eyes, pain, eye irritation, increased iris pigmentation, keratitis, photophobia, loss of part of the visual fields, decreased corneal sensitivity, ptosis, change in refraction, diplopia.
• Cerebral ischemia, circulatory disorders.
• Diarrhea, dyspepsia, dry mouth, nausea, retroperitoneal fibrosis.
• Dyspnea, bronchospasm.
• Infections of the upper respiratory tract, sinusitis, etc.
• Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia.
• Angioneurotic edema, anaphylaxis, urticaria, generalized rash.
• Depression, headache, dizziness, confusion.
• High blood pressure.
• Hypertrichosis, skin irritations, rash, caladium, etc.
• Artritis, muscle and joint pain.
• Intermittent claudication, Raynaud’s syndrome, lower blood pressure.
• Impotence, Peyronie’s disease.
  

Overdose

Latanoprost overdose symptoms: conjunctival or episcleral hyperemia, eye irritation, dizziness; thymolol overdose symptoms: arrhythmia, headache, bronchospasm, bradycardia, nausea, vomiting.

Treatment: flush eyes with water or saline, apply symptomatic therapy.

Pregnancy use

Inadequate and strictly controlled clinical studies on the safety of the drug during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding) have not been conducted.

The use of the drug in pregnancy is possible only when the expected benefits to the mother exceed the potential risk to the fetus or child.

The drug should not be prescribed to breastfeeding women, or breastfeeding should be avoided (timolol, latanoprost and its metabolites can penetrate into the mother’s milk).

It is contraindicated in children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Similarities

Xalacom