Dioxidin, 10 mg/ml 5 ml 10 pcs

A broad spectrum antibacterial bactericidal agent.

Active against Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteria, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp, pathogenic anaerobes (Clostridium perfrigens), acts on bacterial strains resistant to other antimicrobial drugs, including antibiotics. It does not have a local irritant effect. The development of drug resistance of bacteria is possible. The mechanism of bactericidal action of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide is to damage DNA biosynthesis of the microbial cell, which causes morphological changes in the cell wall and the genetic material of the bacteria. When administered intravenously it is characterized by low therapeutic latitude, due to which it is necessary to strictly observe the recommended doses. Treatment of burn and purulent-necrotic wounds promotes faster clearing of the wound surface, stimulates reparative regeneration and marginal epithelization and favorably influences the course of the wound process.

The presence of teratogenic, embryotoxic and mutagenic action has been demonstrated in experimental studies. After intravenous administration the maximum concentration in the blood (Cmax) is 1-2 hours, the therapeutic concentration of the drug in the blood is maintained for 4-6 hours.

The drug penetrates well and quickly into all organs and tissues, is well absorbed from the wound surfaces when applied locally and externally. It is not metabolized in the body. It is excreted by kidneys. When repeated administration it does not accumulate in the body.

Indications

Skin infections, Trophic ulcers, Infectious diseases, Burns, Purulent woundsTreatment of various forms of purulent bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora, when other chemotherapeutic agents are ineffective or poorly tolerated.

Composition

Active ingredient: hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide (dioxidine) – 5 mg

excipient: water for injection – up to 1 ml

How to take, the dosage

Intravenous administration

Intravenously by drip (at a rate of 60-80 drops per minute) under medical supervision.

The 5 mg/ml solution is administered and pre-diluted in 5% dextrose (glucose) solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution to a concentration of 1 -2 mg/ml (0.1 – 0.2%). The daily dose of the drug is administered once or in 3-4 doses during a day (fractional administration). The drug is administered at a rate of 60-80 drops/min for 30 minutes. In severe septic states the maximum single dose is 300 mg (60 ml of 5 mg/ml solution), the daily dose is 600 mg of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide (i.e. 120 ml of 5 mg/ml solution). In purulent meningitis, the daily dose is 600 mg of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide (i.e. 120 ml of 5 mg/ml solution). In chronic purulent processes in the lungs in the acute stage with signs of generalization the daily dose is 500-600 mg of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide (i.e. 100-120 ml of 5 mg/ml solution).

In the treatment of severe purulent urinary tract infection, the daily dose is 200-400 mg of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide (that is, 40-80 ml of 5 mg/ml solution).

For patients with impaired renal function, the drug dose is reduced by half. In elderly patients a dose reduction may be required in case of impaired renal function.

If crystals of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide precipitate out, the crystals are dissolved in the ampoules with the solution by heating the ampoules in a boiling water bath while shaking until the crystals dissolve completely (the solution should become transparent). If when cooling the ampoules with the drug to 36-38 ° C crystals do not fall out again, the drug is suitable for use.

Local and external use

1-5 mg/ml solutions of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide are used. The drug is diluted with sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution or water for injection to obtain the desired solution concentration. For treatment of superficial purulent wounds on the wound surface previously cleaned of pus-necrotic masses, napkins moistened with the drug solution are applied. The dressings are changed daily or every other day, depending on the condition of the wound or the course of the wound process. Deep wounds after treatment shall be loosely tamponized with tampons moistened with the drug solution. Dressings are done once a day. Maximum daily dose of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide is 2.5 g (500 ml of 5 mg/ml solution). Duration of treatment is up to 3 weeks. For treatment of deep purulent wounds at osteomyelitis (wounds of hands, feet) the drug solution is used in the form of baths or special wound treatment with the drug for 15-20 minutes (injection of the solution into the wound for this time) with subsequent application of dressings moistened with the solution. For long-term wound washing a solution of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide 1 mg/ml is used (wound drainage with a thin catheter, washing in thin drops for 3-4 hours 1 – 2 times a day, but not more than 400-500 ml of the solution per washing). For prevention of infections after surgical interventions 1-2 mg/ml solutions of the drug are used. By indication (patients with osteomyelitis) and if well tolerated, treatment may be carried out daily for 1.5-2 months. In case crystals of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide precipitate out, the crystals are dissolved in ampoules with solution by heating ampoules in a boiling water bath.

Interaction

In case of hypersensitivity to the drug, Dioxidine is used simultaneously with antihistamines or calcium preparations.

Special Instructions

Dioxidine is prescribed only to adults. Before the start of treatment a test for tolerance of the drug is carried out, for which 10 ml of 1% solution is injected into the cavity. If there are no side effects within 3-6 hours (dizziness, chills, increased body temperature) the course of treatment is started.

Dioxidine is prescribed only in severe forms of infectious diseases or when other antibacterial agents, including cephalosporins of II-IV generations, fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, are ineffective.

In chronic renal failure the dose is reduced.

In case of pigment spots, the duration of administration of a single dose is increased to 1.5-2 hours, the dose is reduced, antihistamines are prescribed or Dioxidine is cancelled.

In case of Dioxidin crystals loss in ampoules with solution during storage (at temperatures below 15 ° C) they are dissolved by heating the ampoules in a boiling water bath while shaking until the crystals are completely dissolved (clear solution). If the crystals do not precipitate again when cooling to 36-38°C, the drug is suitable for use.

.

Synopsis

Transparent greenish-yellow liquid.

Contraindications

Individual intolerance to the drug, adrenal insufficiency (including anamnesis), pregnancy, lactation, childhood (under 18 years).

Side effects

When administered intravenously, headache, chills, increased body temperature, dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), muscle cramps, allergic reactions (rash, urticaria), photosensitizing effect (appearance of pigmented spots on the body when exposed to sunlight). When used externally – itching, peri-wound dermatitis.

Overdose

In overdose of hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide, acute adrenal insufficiency may develop, which requires immediate withdrawal of the drug and appropriate hormone replacement therapy.

Pregnancy use

Dioxidine is contraindicated in pregnancy and during breastfeeding.