Piracetam, 400 mg capsules, 20 pcs.

Piracetam activates associative processes in the central nervous system, improves mood, memory and mentality in sick and healthy people. It stimulates intellectual activity and integrative activity of the brain, facilitates learning processes, improves connections between hemispheres of the brain and synaptic conduction in the cortex, increases mental performance, stabilizes and restores impaired brain functions (memory, consciousness, speech). Piracetam normalizes the ratio of ADP and ATP (inhibits nucleotide phosphatase and activates adenylate cyclase), increases phospholipase A activity, stimulates bioenergetic and plastic processes in nervous tissue, and accelerates neurotransmitter exchange.

Piracetam increases resistance of brain tissue to toxic influences and hypoxia, increases the synthesis of phospholipids and nuclear RNA, and increases glycolytic processes and glucose utilization in the brain. Piracetam blocks platelet aggregation, improves microcirculation, optimizes the ability of red blood cells to pass through microvessels and the conformational properties of the red blood cell membrane, increases regional blood flow in ischemic brain areas. Piracetam increases EEG beta and alpha activity and decreases delta activity. It reduces vestibular nystagmus. During hypoxia, intoxication, trauma, electroconvulsive effect has a neuroprotective effect.

In connection with antihypoxic action piracetam is effective in complex treatment of myocardial infarction. Anxiolytic and sedative effects of piracetam are absent.

Piracetam is almost completely and quickly absorbed after oral administration. Bioavailability is 100%. When oral administration of 2 g of the drug the maximum concentration in plasma is 40-60 mcg/ml after 30 minutes. Piracetam does not bind to plasma proteins. After 2-8 hours the maximum concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid is reached. Piracetam penetrates all tissues and organs, penetrates through the placental barrier. It is almost not metabolized. It accumulates selectively in cerebral cortex, mainly in parietal, frontal and occipital lobes, basal ganglia and cerebellum. Half-life of piracetam from plasma is 4-5 hours; from cerebrospinal fluid it is 6-8 hours. More than 95% of the drug is excreted unchanged by the kidneys after 30 hours. The elimination half-life is longer in patients with renal insufficiency.

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

Active substance:

Piracetam 400 mg;

Associates:

Silicon dioxide colloid – 3 mg;

Capsule cap:

gelatin – 24.395 mg;

methylparahydroxybenzoate – 0.236 mg;

propyl parahydroxybenzoate – 0.059 mg;

sodium lauryl sulfate – 0.023 mg;

Sunset Yellow dye – 0.0861 mg;

Punsen dye (Ponceau 4R) – 0.2118 mg;

Brilliant blue dye – 0.2112 mg

Capsule shell:

gelatin, 39.68 mg; methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 0.384 mg; propyl parahydroxybenzoate, 0.106 mg;

How to take, the dosage

Overly (with a meal or on an empty stomach, with liquids). Caution: the last single dose should be taken no later than 5 p.m. (to prevent sleep disturbances).

In the beginning of treatment, 800 mg in 3 doses, with improvement the single dose is gradually reduced to 400 mg. The daily dose is 30-160 mg/kg, the frequency of administration is 2 times a day, if necessary 3-4 times a day.

The course of treatment is continued from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months. If necessary the course of treatment is repeated.

In case of long-term therapy of psychoorganic syndrome in elderly people the drug is prescribed in the dosage of 1.2-2.4 g per day; during the first weeks of therapy the loading dose is up to 4.8 g per day. Treatment with piracetam may be combined with the use of psychotropic, cardiovascular and other drugs, if necessary.

In treatment of comatose states, in post-traumatic period the initial dose is 9-12 g a day, maintenance dose – 2.4 g, the course of treatment – 3 weeks.

This dosage form is recommended for children from 5 years old – 1 capsule 3 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 1.8 g. The course of treatment is from 2 weeks to 2-6 months.

In case of alcoholism – 12 g per day during the manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome; maintenance dose – 2.4 g.

In sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis (in adults and children): prophylaxis – oral – 160 mg/kg per day, divided into 4 equal doses. A dose of less than 160 mg/kg per day or irregular administration may cause exacerbation of the disease.

Interaction

Piracetam increases the effects of indirect anticoagulants, psychostimulants, central effects of thyroid hormones (anxiety, tremor, sleep disturbance, irritability, confusion of consciousness). The severity of extrapyramidal disorders is increased when combined use of piracetam with neuroleptics.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity (including to pyrrolidone derivatives), marked renal insufficiency (with creatinine clearance less than 20 ml/min), hemorrhagic stroke, Huntington’s disease, agitated depression, breastfeeding, pregnancy, age less than 1 year.

Side effects

Nervous system and senses: hyperkinesia, drowsiness, increased irritability, depression, agitation, asthenia, aggressive behavior, dizziness, sleep disturbance, headache, tremor, increased sexuality;

Digestive system: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain;

Metabolism: weight gain;

Circulatory system: exacerbation of coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension or hypotension;

Skin: hypersensitivity reactions.

Overdose

In case of overdose with piracetam side effects increase.

Treatment: gastric lavage, activated charcoal, symptomatic treatment; there is no specific antidote, hemodialysis is possible (effectiveness is 50-60%).

Pregnancy use

Piracetam administration is contraindicated during pregnancy. During therapy with piracetam it is necessary to stop breastfeeding, because the drug penetrates into the breast milk.

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