Glucose, 5% 400 ml

Glucose solution participates in various metabolic processes in the body, enhances redox processes in the body, improves antitoxic function of the liver, enhances the contractile activity of the heart muscle. Infusion of dextrose solutions partially replenishes water deficit. Dextrose entering the tissues is phosphorylated into glucose-6-phosphate, which is actively involved in many parts of the body’s metabolism.

The 5% solution of dextrose has a detoxifying, metabolic effect and is a source of a valuable easily digestible nutrient. When dextrose is metabolized in the tissues, a significant amount of energy is released, necessary for the vital activity of the body.

The 5% dextrose solution is isotonic. The energetic value of 5% solution of dextrose is 200 kcal/l, the approximate osmolarity of 5% solution is 278 mOsm/l and that of 10% solution is 555 mOsm/l

Pharmacokinetics

Dextrose is metabolized through pyruvate and lactate to carbon dioxide and water with release of energy.

It is completely absorbed by the body, but is not excreted by the kidneys (occurrence in the urine is a pathological sign).

Additional pharmacokinetic properties are determined by the drugs added

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

Active substance: dextrose monohydrate 5 g.

How to take, the dosage

Intravenously, dropwise. The 5% solution is administered at a maximum rate of 7 ml/min (150 drops/min; 400 ml/h); the maximum daily dose is 2000 ml; the 10% solution is up to 3 ml/min (60 drops/min); the maximum daily dose is 1000 ml. IV, by jetting – 10-50 ml of 5 or 10% solutions.

In adults with normal metabolism the daily dose of administered glucose should not exceed 4-6 g/kg, i.e. about 250-450 g/day (when the metabolic rate decreases, the daily dose is reduced to 200-300 g), while the amount of fluid administered is 30-40 ml/kg/day.

In children for parenteral nutrition, along with fats and amino acids, on the first day 6 g of glucose/kg/day, later – up to 15 g/kg/day. When the glucose dose is calculated upon administration of 5 and 10% solutions, the following should be taken into consideration: for children with the body weight of 2-10 kg – 100-165 ml/kg/day, 10-40 kg – 45-100 ml/kg/day.

Speed of administration: with normal metabolism condition the maximum speed of administration in adults is 0.25-0.5 g/kg/h (with decrease of metabolism intensity the speed of administration is reduced to 0.125-0.25 g/kg/h). In children – no more than 0.5 g/kg/h, which is about 10 ml/min or 200 drops/min for 5% solution (20 drops = 1 ml).

For more complete absorption of glucose administered in large doses, insulin is administered simultaneously at the rate of 1 IU of insulin per 4-5 g of glucose. Diabetic patients should monitor blood and urine glucose content when administering the drug.

Contraindications

Hypotonic dehydration.

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