Glatione, lyophilizate 0,6 g 5 pcs

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Detoxifying agent.

TAC code: V03AB32.

Pharmacological action

Pharmacodynamics

Glutathione is a linear tripeptide with a sulfhydryl group consisting of L-glutamine, L-cysteine and glycine. It plays an important function in protecting the body’s cells as a strong antioxidant. In humans, a lack of glutathione leads to many diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, tyrosinemia type I, alcohol poisoning and others.

In vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that a lack of glutathione can lead to mitochondrial damage and cell death caused by an increase in toxic oxygen forms, leading to an increase in free radicals.

Glutathione is able to prevent cell damage by combining with toxic substances and/or their metabolites. Glutathione can neutralize xenobiotics in three different ways: by conjugation of a substrate with glutathione, by nucleophilic substitution and by reduction of organic peroxides to alcohols.

The deactivation system involving glutathione plays a unique role in the formation of the body’s resistance to a variety of influences and is the most important defense mechanism of the cell. In the course of biotransformation of some xenobiotics, thioesters are formed with the participation of glutathione, which are then converted into mercaptans, among which toxic products have been found. But the conjugates of glutathione with most xenobiotics are less reactive and more hydrophilic than the parent substances, and therefore less toxic and easier to eliminate from the body.

Glutathione binds huge amounts of lipophilic compounds (physical neutralization), preventing their introduction into the lipid layer of membranes and disruption of cell functions.

Hence, glutathione improves cell membrane stability, protects liver cell membrane, increases enzyme and liver activity and promotes liver detoxification and repair activity by eliminating free radicals.

Pharmacokinetics

15 min after intravenous infusion of 2 g of glutathione the average blood glutathione concentration is 444 mmol/l (the average physiological blood glutathione concentration is 6.9 mmol/l). The volume of distribution is 15 l. Half-life period – 10 min. Clearance is 850 ml/min. It is excreted with urine unchanged or as cysteine 90 min after infusion.

Indications

As part of the complex therapy of liver diseases such as acute and chronic hepatitis of various etiologies (viral, alcoholic, toxic), alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatic steatosis, liver fibrosis.

Active ingredient

Glutathione

Composition

For 1 vial.

The active ingredient: glutathione – 0.6 g.

How to take, the dosage

When administered intravenously the content of the bottle is dissolved in 250-500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

The drug solution is used immediately after preparation, reuse of remaining solution is not allowed.

In severe forms of hepatitis of various etiologies – 1.2-2.4 g intravenously per day during 30 days as infusion. In case of alcoholic hepatitis – 1.8 g intravenously per day for 14-30 days as infusion.

In case of alcoholic cirrhosis – 1,2 g intravenously per day during 30 days as infusion.

In case of hepatic steatosis – 1,8 g intravenously per day during 30 days as infusion.

In intravenous infusion should be slow.

In intramuscular administration: 0.3 g diluted in 3 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 0.6 g diluted in 4 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The drug must be completely dissolved in the solvent. The solution should be clear and colorless. 1.2 g and 1.8 g are not administered intramuscularly.

Patients in elderly patients

Because of the high probability of existing liver or heart dysfunction the dose of Glatione in elderly patients should be chosen with caution, starting the drug from the lower limit of the dose range.

In severe forms of hepatitis of various etiologies, it is not recommended to exceed 0.6-1.2 g intravenously per day for 30 days as an infusion.

In alcoholic hepatitis, it is not recommended to exceed 0.9 g intravenously per day for 14-30 days as infusion. In alcoholic cirrhosis, it is not recommended to exceed 0.6 g intravenously per day for 30 days as an infusion. In hepatic steatosis, it is not recommended to exceed 0.9 g intravenously per day for 30 days as infusion.

Interaction

Avoid co-administration with sodium bisulfite menadione, cyanocobalamin, calcium pantothenate, sulfonamides and tetracyclines.

Special Instructions

In case of allergy symptoms the drug should be discontinued.

Influence on driving and operating machinery

In view of possible side effects of the drug, caution should be exercised when using the drug in persons operating vehicles and operating machinery.

Synopsis

Lyophilized powder of white or almost white color.

Contraindications

Individual intolerance to the components of the drug, children under 18 years of age, pregnancy, breastfeeding.

With caution

Elderly age (the drug should be administered in halved doses with careful monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate).

Side effects

Allergic reactions, decreased blood pressure, decreased or increased heart rate, palpitations, dyspeptic disorders, which disappear after discontinuing the drug

Overdose

No cases of overdose have been reported. In case of overdose it is necessary to use symptomatic therapy.

Pregnancy use

The use of the drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

If it is necessary to use the drug during breastfeeding, breastfeeding should be stopped.