Dexamethasone, eye drops 0.1% 5 ml

It interacts with specific cytoplasmic receptors and forms a complex that penetrates into the cell nucleus and stimulates mRNA synthesis; the latter induces formation of proteins mediating cellular effects, including lipokortin, which inhibits phospholipase A2, inhibits arachidonic acid liberation and inhibits biosynthesis of endoperoxides, prostaglandins, leukotrienes that contribute to inflammation and allergy processes.

Dexamethasone inhibits the expression of genes of proteins involved in the development of inflammatory reactions. Prevents the release of inflammatory mediators from eosinophils and mast cells. Inhibits the activity of hyaluronidase, collagenase and proteases. Inhibits the activity of fibroblasts and collagen formation. Reduces capillary permeability, stabilizes cell membranes including lysosomal membranes, inhibits cytokine release from lymphocytes and macrophages.

Pharmacokinetics

Dexamethasone penetrates through the intact corneal epithelium into the moisture of the anterior chamber of the eye. If the mucous membrane is inflamed or damaged, the rate of penetration increases.

Systemic absorption is low, about 60-80% of dexamethasone entering the systemic bloodstream is bound to the specific carrier protein transcoritin and albumin, and bound dexamethasone has no biological activity. It easily passes through histohematic barriers, including the blood-brain barrier and the placental barrier.

Dexamethasone is metabolized in the liver under the action of cytochrome-containing enzymes and is excreted by the kidneys. The elimination half-life is on average 3 hours.

Indications

Acute and chronic allergic and inflammatory eye diseases (incl. Conjunctivitis, scleritis, deep keratitis without epithelial damage, iritis, iridocyclitis, chorioiditis, chorioretinitis, optic neuritis);

The prevention and treatment of inflammatory processes in postoperative and posttraumatic periods, sympathetic uveitis, thermal and chemical eye burns in the late period.

Active ingredient

Composition

Active substance:

dexamethasone (in the form of dexamethasone sodium phosphate) – 5.0 mg.

Auxiliary substances:

boric acid,

sodium tetraborate (E 285),

Dinatate edetate (E 386),

Benzalkonium chloride,

Injection water.

How to take, the dosage

Into the conjunctival sac.

In acute inflammatory conditions:

Adults and children over 12 years of age are injected 1-2 drops 4-5 times a day for 2 days, after the symptoms of inflammation are reduced, 3-4 times a day for 4-6 days.

In chronic conditions:

Populate 1-2 drops 2 times a day for several weeks. The maximum duration of use of the drug is 4 weeks.

In the postoperative and post-traumatic period:

The drug is used from day 8 after operations for strabismus, retinal detachment, cataract extraction and from the moment of trauma – 1-2 drops 2-4 times a day for 2-4 weeks; for anti-glaucoma filter surgery – on the day of surgery or the day after it.

In allergic and inflammatory conditions

In children from 6 to 12 years of age 1 drop 2-3 times a day for 7-10 days, if necessary treatment is continued after corneal condition monitoring on day 10.

Interaction

In prolonged use of the drug with iodoxuridine an increase in destructive processes in the corneal epithelium is possible.

In case of infectious process development the drug may be used simultaneously with antibacterial agents.

Special Instructions

Soft contact lenses should be removed before using the drug and inserted again not earlier than 15 minutes.

Impact on ability to drive and potentially dangerous machinery

The drug is not recommended immediately before driving or operating machinery, since tear production may occur after injection of the drug.

Contraindications

Side effects

A brief burning sensation, lacrimation, conjunctival hyperemia may occur after injection of the drug.

Allergic reactions are possible.

Long-term use (more than 2 weeks) may cause increase in intraocular pressure and corneal perforation (if thinning), development of posterior capsular cataracts (more than 3 months of using the drug).

The condition of the cornea and intraocular pressure should be monitored with long-term use.

Overdose

In case of overdose, local administration of dexamethasone may cause worsening of side effects.

Treatment: the drug should be withdrawn and symptomatic therapy should be prescribed. There is no specific antidote.

Pregnancy use

It is allowed to use the drug during pregnancy and lactation for 7-10 days (not more) if the significance of the effect exceeds the risk of side effects for the mother and fetus.

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