Calcium chloride, 100 mg/ml 5 ml 10 pcs

Calcium chloride is a calcium preparation, it replenishes the calcium deficiency necessary for the process of transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of skeletal and smooth muscles, myocardial activity, formation of bone tissue, blood clotting.

It reduces cell and vascular wall permeability, prevents development of inflammatory reactions, increases body’s resistance to infections and may significantly increase phagocytosis (phagocytosis, which decreases after administration of sodium chloride, increases after administration of calcium preparations). When administered intravenously it stimulates the symiatic department of the autonomic nervous system, increases epinephrine release by adrenal glands, has a moderate diuretic effect.

Pharmacokinetics

In plasma about 45% is complexed with proteins. About 20% is excreted by the kidneys, the remaining amount (80%) is excreted with intestinal contents.

Indications

– Allergic diseases (urticaria angioedema allergodermatosis serum sickness);

– Hypocalcemia (including hypocalcemic tetany in hypoparathyreosis);

– lead colic;

– hyperkalemia;

– overdose of magnesium salts (as part of complex therapy).

Active ingredient

Composition

1 ml of solution for intravenous injection contains:

the active ingredient:

calcium chloride 100 mg,

supplementary substance:

water for injection

How to take, the dosage

The drug is administered intravenously by trickle or drip (slowly) at a rate not exceeding 075-15 ml/min.

The ampoule with the solution is heated to body temperature before injection. The patient should remain in the supine position for a short period of time after the injection is complete.

For intravenous drop instillation the drug solution is diluted beforehand in 100-200 ml of 09% isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% dextrose (glucose) solution.

In case of allergic reactions (urticaria angioneurotic edema allergic dermatosis serum disease) lead colic overdose with magnesium salts – 75-15 ml.

In case of acute hypocalcaemia – 75-15 ml for 1-3 days if necessary the preparation is repeated every 1-3 days.

In hypocalcemic tetany – 5-175 ml. Injection is repeated every 8 hours until therapeutic effect is achieved.

In case of hyperkalemia (under control of electrocardiogram) – 245-15 ml, if necessary a second dose is administered after 1-2 minutes.

In children – 03 ml/kg maximum daily dose is 15 ml.

In allergic diseases it is recommended to use calcium chloride and antihistamines together.

Polymer ampoule procedure:

1. Take the ampoule and shake it by holding the neck.

2. squeeze the ampoule with your hand so that the product does not release and twist the valve and remove it.

3. immediately connect the syringe to the ampoule through the resulting opening.

4. Turn the ampoule over and slowly draw the contents into the syringe.

5. Slide the needle onto the syringe.

Interaction

Concomitant use reduces the effect of “slow” calcium channel blockers; with other calcium- and magnesium-containing drugs increases the risk of hypercalcemia or hypermagnesemia, respectively, especially in patients with chronic renal failure; with quinidine – possible delay of intraventricular conduction and increased toxicity of quinidine.

Decreases the effectiveness of nondepolarizing myorelaxants.

May increase the duration of action of tubocurarine chloride.

May increase the effect of antihistamines.

Pharmaceutically incompatible with tetracyclines magnesium sulfate drugs containing phosphate carbonates or tartrates.

Parenteral use of calcium chloride is not recommended during treatment with cardiac glycosides due to increased cardiotoxic effects.

Compatible with 5% dextrose (glucose) solution and 09% sodium chloride solution.

Special Instructions

It should not be administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly, tissue necrosis is possible (high concentrations of calcium chloride starting from 5% cause severe irritation of the vascular wall).

In intravenous administration of calcium chloride a sensation of heat appears first in the oral cavity, and then – throughout the body (previously used to determine the rate of blood flow – the time between the moment of its introduction into the vein and the appearance of a feeling of heat).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug hypercalcemia severe chronic renal failure ventricular fibrillation urolithiasis hypercalciuria sarcoidosis marked atherosclerosis susceptibility to thrombosis concomitant use with cardiac glycosides pregnancy breast-feeding period.

Side effects

Cardiovascular system: peripheral vasodilation decreased blood pressure arrhythmia (including bradycardia). With rapid administration ventricular fibrillation of the heart cardiovascular failure up to cardiac arrest is possible.

Central nervous system disorders: fainting.

Digestive system disorders: nausea.

Urinary system disorders: rarely (with impaired renal function) – hypercalcemia.

Others: there may be a feeling of heat first in the mouth and then throughout the body a taste of chalk in the mouth.

Local reactions: irritation along the vein; skin hyperemia pain rash calcification may indicate extravasation which may lead to necrosis of the surrounding tissue. If it enters the subcutaneous tissue and muscle, it causes severe irritation and necrosis of the surrounding tissue.

Overdose

Symptoms: hypercalcemia (thirst nausea vomiting constipation polyuria abdominal pain muscle weakness mental disorders in severe cases – arrhythmia coma) especially in patients with chronic renal failure.

Treatment: in mild overdose (calcium concentration – 26-29 mmol/l) the administration is stopped and other calcium-containing medicines are cancelled. In severe overdose (calcium concentration greater than 29 mmol/l) – administration of 09% isotonic sodium chloride solution; nonthiazide diuretics; control of serum concentration, if necessary administration of potassium and magnesium; cardiac control – administration of beta-adrenoblockers to prevent arrhythmias hemodialysis.

Pregnancy use

The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy and during breast-feeding.

Breast-feeding should be stopped if it is necessary to use the drug during lactation.