Sabvixin, 25 mg

An antibiotic of polypeptide structure. The mechanism of action is mainly caused by blockade of cytoplasmic membrane permeability of bacterial cells, which leads to their destruction.

Active against most gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp.; especially active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Polymyxin B is also sensitive to Vibrio cholerae (except for Vibrio cholerae eltor), Coccidioides immitis, but mainly fungi show resistance to this antibiotic.

In general, Serratia marcescens, Providencia spp., Bacteroides fragilis are resistant. It is not active against Proteus spp., Neisseria spp., obligate anaerobic and gram-positive bacteria.

It has cross-resistance with colistin.

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

How to take, the dosage

It is used topically, intravenously, intravenously, intrathecally.

In case of intravenous and intravenous administration, the daily dose is 1.5-2.5 mg/kg; with other routes of administration, the dose is determined individually.

Interaction

When concomitant use with anesthetics, novokainamide, peripheral myorelaxants increased neuromuscular blockade is noted.

Synergism with chloramphenicol, carbenicillin, tetracycline, sulfonamides and trimethoprim against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Serratia; with ampicillin – for its effect on gram-negative bacilli.

Compatible with bacitracin and nystatin.

It increases ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides (kanamycin, streptomycin, neomycin, gentamicin) as well as neuromuscular transmission blockade caused by them.

Decreases the concentration of heparin in the blood (forms complexes).

Pharmaceutical incompatibility with sodium salt of ampicillin, chloramphenicol, antibiotics of cephalosporin group, tetracycline, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, amino acid solutions, heparin.

Special Instructions

With caution use polymyxin B in renal dysfunction, as well as diseases accompanied by impaired neuromuscular transmission (including myasthenia gravis). In these cases, correction of the dosage regimen and monitoring of renal function are necessary.

In case of parenteral use it is necessary to control the concentration of polymyxin B in plasma.

May be used as part of combined preparations with neomycin, bacitracin, nystatin, trimethoprim as well as with dexamethasone.

Contraindications

Side effects

Nervous system disorders: paresthesias, visual disturbances, dizziness, ataxia, impaired consciousness, somnolence; in predisposed patients – development of neuromuscular blockade, respiratory paralysis and apnea.

Urinary system disorders: impaired renal excretory function, hematuria, proteinuria, tubular necrosis (in intravenous administration).

Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching.

Local reactions: irritation and pain at the injection site (when administered by injection), symptoms of cerebral membrane irritation (when administered intrathecally).