Potassium iodide, tablets 200 mcg 100 pcs

Pharmacodynamics

Iodine refers to the essential trace elements necessary for normal functioning of the thyroid gland. When iodide enters the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle, iodine ions are oxidized under the influence of the enzyme iodide peroxidase to form elemental iodine, which is incorporated into the molecule tyrosine.

In this process, one part of the thyrosine radicals in thyroglobulin is iodinated, resulting in the formation of thyronines, the main ones being thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The thyronines form a complex with the protein thyroglobulin, which is deposited in the colloid of the thyroid follicle.

Iodine entering the body in physiological amounts, prevents the development of endemic goiter associated with iodine deficiency in food, normalizes the size of the thyroid gland in infants, children and adolescents, affecting rates of T3/T4 ratio, the level of thyroid hormone.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, it is quickly and completely absorbed in the small intestine and within 2 hours is distributed in the intracellular space.

It accumulates mainly in the thyroid gland (iodide concentration of more than 500 µg/g of tissue), as well as in the salivary and mammary glands, gastric mucosa.

It penetrates well through the placenta.

It is taken out mainly by kidneys (trace amounts are determined in urine 10 min after intake, 80% of dose is taken out within 48 hours, the rest – within 10-20 days), partly – with secretions of salivary, bronchial, sweat and other glands.

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

1 tablet contains

the active ingredient:

Potassium iodide – 0.262 mg, in terms of iodide respectively – 0.200 mg.

excipients:

Lactose (milk sugar),

magnesium hydroxycarbonate (magnesium carbonate basic),

microcrystalline cellulose,

How to take, the dosage

The daily dose of potassium iodide should be taken in a single dose after a meal with plenty of fluids.

When prescribing the drug for infants and children under 3 years of age it is recommended to dissolve the tablet in a small amount (1 tablespoon) of boiled water at room temperature.

If your doctor has not prescribed otherwise, follow these dosing guidelines:

Preventing the development of endemic goiter:

1. Newborns and children: 50-100 mcg iodine daily.

2. adolescents and adults: 100-200 mcg of iodine per day.

3. in pregnancy and lactation: 150-200 mcg of iodine per day.

The prevention of goiter recurrence after completing treatment with thyroid hormone drugs or after its surgical removal: 100-200 mcg of iodine daily.

The treatment of euthyroid goiter:

1. Newborns, children and adolescents: 100-200 mcg of iodine daily.

2. Young adult patients: 300-500 mcg daily.

The prophylactic use of the drug is usually for several months or years, if indicated, for life.

The treatment of goiter in newborns is carried out for an average of 2-4 weeks, in children, adolescents and adults it usually takes 6-12 months, long term use is possible.

The duration of treatment is determined by the treating physician.

Interaction

The simultaneous use of antithyroid drugs weakens the effect of potassium iodide (reciprocally).

Potassium perchlorate and thiocyanate inhibit iodine absorption by the thyroid gland. Thyrotropic hormone improves thyroid uptake of iodine and stimulates thyroid hormone production.

The simultaneous use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (including captopril, enalapril, lisinopril) increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

High doses of iodine in combination with potassium-saving diuretics may lead to hyperkalemia.

The simultaneous administration of high-dose iodine therapy and lithium preparations promotes goiter and hypothyroidism.

Decreases thyroid uptake of 131I and 123I.

Special Instructions

Before the start of treatment it is necessary to rule out malignant lesion of the thyroid gland, hyperthyroidism or nodular toxic goiter.

In patients with impaired renal function during therapy with the drug, hyperkalemia may develop (periodic monitoring of blood potassium levels is necessary).

Potassium iodide does not affect the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery.

Contraindications

Side effects

When using potassium iodide according to indications and in recommended doses, the occurrence of adverse events is unlikely.

Sometimes allergic reactions develop: skin rash, Quincke’s edema.

When using the drug in a dose greater than 150 mcg/day, latent hyperthyroidism may progress to the manifest form.

Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism may develop with prolonged use in doses greater than 300 mcg/day (especially in elderly patients with long term goiter, nodular goiter or toxic adenoma).

Overdose

Symptoms of acute overdose: brown staining of mucous membranes, reflexive vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea (possibly melena). In severe cases, dehydration and shock may develop.

The treatment in acute overdose: gastric lavage, administration of sodium thiosulfate, symptomatic therapy of water-electrolyte balance disorders, antishock therapy.

Chronic overdose may lead to the development of the phenomenon of “iodism”: “metallic” taste in the mouth; swelling and inflammation of mucous membranes (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, bronchitis); acne; dermatitis; salivary gland swelling; fever; nervous excitability.

The treatment in chronic overdose: withdrawal of the drug.

Pregnancy use

In pregnancy and breastfeeding the need for iodine increases.

Potassium iodide is prescribed by indication in three cases where dietary iodine intake is less than 200 mcg/day.

The drug penetrates well through the placenta and can cause the development of hypothyroidism and goiter in the fetus.

Iodine is also excreted with breast milk.

Hence, the drug should only be taken in the recommended doses during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Similarities