Potassium iodide, tablets 200 mcg 100 pcs

Pharmacodynamics

Iodine refers to the essential trace elements necessary for normal functioning of the thyroid gland. When iodide enters the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle, iodine ions are oxidized under the influence of the enzyme iodide peroxidase to form elemental iodine, which is incorporated into the molecule tyrosine.

In this process, one part of the thyrosine radicals in thyroglobulin is iodinated, resulting in the formation of thyronines, the main ones being thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The thyronines form a complex with the protein thyroglobulin, which is deposited in the colloid of the thyroid follicle.

Iodine entering the body in physiological amounts, prevents the development of endemic goiter associated with iodine deficiency in food, normalizes the size of the thyroid gland in infants, children and adolescents, affecting rates of T3/T4 ratio, the level of thyroid hormone.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, it is quickly and completely absorbed in the small intestine and within 2 hours is distributed in the intracellular space.

It accumulates mainly in the thyroid gland (iodide concentration of more than 500 µg/g of tissue), as well as in the salivary and mammary glands, gastric mucosa.

It penetrates well through the placenta.

It is taken out mainly by kidneys (trace amounts are determined in urine 10 min after intake, 80% of dose is taken out within 48 hours, the rest – within 10-20 days), partly – with secretions of salivary, bronchial, sweat and other glands.

Indications

Prevention of the development of endemic goiter, including during pregnancy;
prevention of goiter recurrence after completion of a course of goiter treatment with thyroid hormone preparations or after its surgical removal;
treatment of diffuse euthyroid goiter in newborns, children, adolescents and young adult patients.

Pharmacological effect

Pharmacodynamics

Iodine is an essential trace element necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. When iodides enter the epithelial cells of the thyroid follicle, iodine ions under the influence of the enzyme iodide peroxidase are oxidized to form elemental iodine, which is included in the tyrosine molecule.

In this case, one part of the tyrosine radicals in thyroglobulin is iodinated, resulting in the formation of thyronines, the main of which are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyronines form a complex with the protein thyroglobulin, which is deposited in the colloid of the thyroid follicle.

Iodine entering the body in physiological quantities prevents the development of endemic goiter associated with a lack of iodine in food; normalizes the size of the thyroid gland in newborns, children and adolescents; affects the T3/T4 ratio and the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, it is quickly and completely absorbed in the small intestine and distributed in the intracellular space within 2 hours.

Accumulates mainly in the thyroid gland (iodide concentration more than 500 mcg/g tissue), as well as in the salivary and mammary glands, and gastric mucosa.

Penetrates well through the placenta.

It is excreted primarily by the kidneys (trace amounts are determined in urine 10 minutes after administration, 80% of the dose is excreted within 48 hours, the rest within 10-20 days), partially through the secretions of the salivary, bronchial, sweat and other glands.

Special instructions

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to exclude malignant lesions of the thyroid gland, hyperthyroidism or nodular toxic goiter.

During drug therapy in patients with impaired renal function, hyperkalemia may develop (periodic monitoring of potassium levels in the blood is necessary).

Potassium iodide does not affect the ability to drive vehicles or operate machinery.

Active ingredient

Potassium iodide

Composition

1 tablet contains

active ingredient:

potassium iodide – 0.262 mg, in terms of iodide, respectively – 0.200 mg.

excipients:

lactose (milk sugar),

magnesium hydroxycarbonate (magnesium carbonate basic),

microcrystalline cellulose,

sodium croscarmellose,

magnesium stearate,

talc,

colloidal silicon dioxide (aerosil).

Pregnancy

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the need for iodine increases.

Potassium iodide is prescribed according to indications in three cases when iodine intake from food is less than 200 mcg/day.

The drug penetrates the placenta well and can cause the development of hypothyroidism and goiter in the fetus.

Iodine is also excreted in breast milk.

Therefore, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, the drug should be taken only in recommended doses.

Contraindications

Severe thyrotoxicosis;
latent thyrotoxicosis (when using doses exceeding 150 mcg/day);
dermatitis herpetiformis;
toxic adenoma, nodular goiter when used in doses of more than 300 mcg/day (with the exception of preoperative therapy to block the thyroid gland);
hypersensitivity to iodine.

Potassium iodide should not be taken for hypothyroidism, unless the development of the latter is caused by severe iodine deficiency.

Prescription of the drug should be avoided during therapy with radioactive iodine, the presence or suspicion of thyroid carcinoma.

Use with caution in patients with impaired renal function.

Side Effects

When using Potassium iodide according to indications in recommended doses, the occurrence of side effects is unlikely.

Sometimes allergic reactions develop: skin rash, Quincke’s edema.

When using the drug in a dose exceeding 150 mcg/day, latent hyperthyroidism can become manifest.

With long-term use of the drug at a dose exceeding 300 mcg/day, the development of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism is possible (especially in elderly patients suffering from goiter for a long time, in the presence of nodular goiter or toxic adenoma).

Interaction

Simultaneous use of antithyroid drugs weakens the effect of potassium iodide (mutually).

Potassium perchlorate and thiocyanate inhibit iodine uptake by the thyroid gland. Thyroid-stimulating hormone improves the absorption of iodine by the thyroid gland and stimulates the production of its hormones.

Concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (including captopril, enalapril, lisinopril) increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

High doses of iodine in combination with potassium-sparing diuretics can lead to hyperkalemia.

Simultaneous administration of iodine therapy in high doses and lithium preparations promotes the development of goiter and hypothyroidism.

Reduces the uptake of 131I and 123I by the thyroid gland.

Overdose

Symptoms of acute overdose: brown discoloration of mucous membranes, reflex vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea (possibly melena). In severe cases, dehydration and shock may develop.

Treatment for acute overdose: gastric lavage, administration of sodium thiosulfate, symptomatic treatment of water-electrolyte imbalance, anti-shock therapy.

Chronic overdose can lead to the development of the phenomenon of “iodism”: “metallic” taste in the mouth; swelling and inflammation of the mucous membranes (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, bronchitis); acne; dermatitis; swelling of the salivary glands; fever; nervous excitability.

Treatment for chronic overdose: drug withdrawal.

Storage conditions

Store in a place protected from light at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.

Shelf life

3 years.

Manufacturer

Alium JSC, Russia