Potassium chloride, 40 mg/ml 10 ml 10 pcs

Potassium drug, restores water-electrolyte equilibrium. It has negative chrono- and batmotropic effect, in high doses – negative in- and dro-motropic, as well as moderate diuretic effect. In low doses potassium preparation dilates coronary vessels, in high doses it narrows. It participates in the process of conducting nerve impulses. When administered intravenously it increases adrenal secretion by the adrenal glands.

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

How to take, the dosage

Intravenously, if necessary intravenously by IV drip in combination with 5% dextrose solution.

In hypokalemia with cardiac arrhythmia – 1-1.5 g 4-5 times a day; after recovery of cardiac rhythm the dose is reduced. If glycoside intoxication – 2-3 g/day, in severe cases – up to 5 g. To stop paroxysmal tachycardia attacks, 8-12 g on the first day, with subsequent reduction to 3-6 g.

In severe intoxication requiring rapid elimination of pathological phenomena as well as in persistent vomiting the drug is administered intravenously. A 4% solution of the drug in 40% glucose solution is used. 50 ml of the solution is diluted (to obtain isotonic solution) by 10 times with water for injection (up to 500 ml) and the drug is administered dropwise 20-30 drops per min). It is also possible to administer by IV drip at the rate of 2.5 g in 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution or 5% dextrose solution.

For the prevention and treatment of ectopic arrhythmias in myocardial infarction – polarizing mixture: potassium chloride solution in 5%-10% dextrose solution (short-acting insulin is added at the rate of 1 U per 3-4 g of dry dextrose).

Interaction

Pharmaceutically compatible with solutions of cardiac glycosides (improves their tolerance).

It enhances the negative dromo- and batmotropic effects of antiarrhythmic drugs.

Beta-adrenoblockers, cyclosporine, potassium-saving diuretics, heparin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.

Special Instructions

During treatment it is necessary to monitor the content of serum potassium ions, electrocardiogram, in the treatment of hypokalemia – control of acid-base status.

The safety and effectiveness of potassium chloride in children have not been established.

Diet with high sodium content increases excretion of potassium from the body.

It should be noted that hyperkalemia, which is fatal, can occur rapidly and may be asymptomatic.

Contraindications

Side effects

Nervous system disorders: paresthesias, muscle weakness, confusion.

Cardiovascular system: decreased blood pressure, arrhythmias, heart block, cardiac arrest.

Others: hyperkalemia, allergic reactions.

Overdose

Symptoms: hyperkalemia (muscle hypotonus, limb paresthesias, delayed atrioventricular conduction, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest). Early clinical signs of hyperkalemia usually appear at potassium concentration in blood serum of more than 6 mEq/L: sharpening of T-wave, disappearance of U-wave (if it was present in previous cardiograms), decrease of S-T segment, prolongation of Q-T interval, widening of QRS complex. More severe symptoms of hyperkalemia – muscle paralysis and cardiac arrest – develop at potassium concentration of 9-10 mEq/L.

Treatment: orally or intravenously – 0.9% sodium chloride solution; intravenously – 300-500 ml of 5% dextrose solution (with 10-20 units of insulin per 1 liter); if necessary – hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Pregnancy use

If it is necessary to use in pregnancy, the expected benefit to the mother and the potential risk to the fetus should be weighed.

When breastfeeding, discontinuation should be considered.

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