Peyrofleks capsules 410 mg, 60 pcs.

Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)

PABA is an organic compound, an amino acid, a derivative of benzoic acid, widely distributed in nature. PABA is a precursor in the biosynthesis of important cofactors, tetrahydrofolate and tetrahydromethanopterin. As a component of tetrahydrofolate, the para-aminobenzoic acid residue is involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA).

It has both anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects and is used to treat fibrotic conditions such as Dupuytriene contracture. Potassium para-aminobenzoate stabilizes a specific tissue enzyme and has a direct inhibitory effect on the cell skeleton of fibroblasts that form a fibrotic plaque [13].

Para-aminobenzoic acid salts have been used for many years to treat Peyronie’s disease [14]. Numerous clinical studies of para-aminobenzoic acid derivatives have shown its high efficacy in emerging penile curvature.

The results of the treatment of Peyronie’s disease with PABA derivatives

D-α-tocopherol is a fat-soluble vitamin E that has antioxidant properties that limit oxidative stress. In Peyronie’s disease during the acute and chronic phases of plaque formation there is an excessive release of reactive oxygen species, this application point makes D-α-tocopherol an ideal option for drug therapy [1].

D-α-tocopherol inhibits the production of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). It is responsible for the development of connective tissue.

D-α-tocopherol has been shown to inhibit fibroblast division (the cells responsible for fibrous plaque formation) in human pathological fibrosis [2,3]. D-α-tocopherol interacts with nuclear factor NF-κappaB, also preventing the release of proinflammatory molecules (cytokines); D-α-tocopherol inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 activity [4-6].

The efficacy of D-α-tocopherol in Peyronie’s disease

Many studies confirm that the addition of D-α-tocopherol to other drugs significantly improves treatment efficacy [11,12].

L-carnitine tartrate

This molecule is very similar to an amino acid; in humans it is synthesized in the liver, brain and kidneys from the essential amino acids lysine and methionine by ALC-transferase.

The carnitine system consists of L-carnitine, its esters (acetyl-L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine) and a complex enzymatic system located in the mitochondrial membrane. L-carnitine tartrate prevents the multiplication of fibroblasts and collagen formation by reducing free radical activity and intracellular calcium concentration.

It also protects and restores cells with damage caused by inflammation and vascular microtrauma [19]. L-carnitine tartrate helps the body in repairing damaged cells. Carnitines stabilize the fluidity of cell membranes, which positively affects cell integrity [20,21].

Different forms of L-carnitine have been successfully used to treat Peyronie’s disease. In randomized controlled trials, administration of L-carnitine for 3 months relieved erection pain in 92% of men, and there was a 7.5° reduction in mean penile curvature and a 48.8 mm reduction in plaque size² [20] [21].

* Sources of medical literature:

1. Sikka S.C. et al. Int. J. Impot. Res. 2002. Vol. 14, № 5. P. 353-360. 2. Tasanarong A. et al. J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 2011. Vol. 94 Suppl 7. P. S1-9. 3. Haas A.L. et al. Ophthalmic Res. 1996. Vol. 28, № 3. P. 171-175. 4. Godbout J.P. et al. J. Neuroimmunol. 2005. Vol. 169, № 1-2. P. 97-105. 5. Jiang Q. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2008. Vol. 105, № 51. P. 20464-20469. 6. Fazzio A., Marilley D., Azzi A. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 1997. Vol. 41, № 1. P. 93-101. 7. Scardino P.L., Scott W.W.. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1949. Vol. 52, № 3. P.

390-396. 8. Chesney J. Br J Urol. 1975. Vol. 47. P. 209-218. 9. Pryor J., Farrell C. Prog Reprod Biol Med. 1983. Vol. 9. P. 41-45. 10. Devine C.J., Horton C. Semin Urol. 1987. Vol. 5. P. 251-261. 11. Halal A.A., Geavlete P., Ceban E. J Med Life. 2012. 12. Paulis G. et al. Andrology. 2013. Vol. 1, № 1. P. 120-128. 13. Nehra A. et al. J. Urol. 2015. Vol. 194, № 3. P. 745-753. 14. Hauck E.W. et al. Urologe. 2005. Vol. 44, № 10. P. 1189-1196. 15. ZARAFONETIS C.J., HORRAX T.M. J. Urol. 1959. Vol. 81, № 6. P. 770-772.

16. Hasche-Klünder R. Urologe. A. 1978. Vol. 17, № 4. P. 224-227. 17. Riley A. BR J Sex Med. 1979. Vol. 6. P. 29-33. 18. Carson C.C. Tech. Urol. 1997. Vol. 3, № 3. P. 35-139. 19. Jack G.S., Gonzalez-Cadavid N., Rajfer J. Curr. Urol. Rep. 2005. Vol. 6, № 6. P. 454-460. 20. Biagiotti G., Cavallini G. BJU Int. 2001. Vol. 88, № 1. P. 63-67. 21. Cavallini G. et al. BJU Int. 2002. Vol. 89, № 9. P. 895-900.

Indications

Composition

1 (one) capsule contains:

L-carnitine tartrate

Para-aminobenzoic acid

Special Instructions

Contraindications

Individual intolerance to the components of the product, pregnancy, breast-feeding.