Octreotide,. 100 µg/ml 1 ml 5 pcs

Octreotide is a synthetic octapeptide derived from the natural hormone somatostatin and has similar pharmacological effects to it, but with a much longer duration of action.

Octreotide suppresses both pathologically increased secretion of growth hormone (GH) and that caused by arginine, exercise and insulin hypoglycemia. The drug suppresses secretion of serotonin, gastrin, insulin and glucagon and other peptides produced in the gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine system.

In patients undergoing pancreatic surgery, the use of Octreotide during and after surgery reduces the incidence of typical postoperative complications (acute postoperative pancreatitis, pancreatic fistulas, abscesses, sepsis).

In case of bleeding from varicose veins of p*-98/esophagus and stomach in patients with liver cirrhosis the use of Octreotide in complex therapy leads to effective stopping of bleeding, prevention of early recurrent bleeding and improvement of survival.

The mechanism of action of Octreotide is associated with reduction of organ blood flow through suppression of vasoactive hormones (vasoactive intestinal peptide, glucagon).

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

1 ml of the solution contains:

Active substance:

Octreotide acetate (in terms of octreotide) 0.100 mg

Auxiliary substances:

Sodium chloride 9.0 mg

Water for injection up to 1.0 ml

How to take, the dosage

In the treatment of acute pancreatitis, Octreotide is administered by p/c in a dose of 100 mcg 3 times/day for 5-7 days. It is possible to prescribe up to 1200 mcg/day, the dose selection is based on determining the concentration of amylase, lipase, inflammatory cytokines in blood.

Contraindications

With caution

Diabetes mellitus,

Side effects

Local reactions: pain, itching or burning sensation, redness and swelling may occur at the injection site (usually subsides within 15 minutes).

Gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver and gallbladder: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, spastic abdominal pain, feeling of bloating, excessive gas, liquid stools, diarrhea and steatorrhea are possible.

While fecal fat excretion may increase, there is no indication that prolonged treatment with octreotide may lead to the development of absorption disorders (malabsorption). In rare cases phenomena resembling acute intestinal obstruction may be observed: progressive abdominal bloating, pronounced pain in the epigastric region, abdominal wall tension.

Long-term use of Octreotide may lead to formation of gallstones in the gallbladder. There are known isolated cases of acute hepatitis without cholestasis (normalization of transaminase values after octreotide withdrawal), as well as hyperbilirubinemia combined with increased activity of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and other transaminases. There are separate reports about rare cases of acute pancreatitis, which developed in the first hours or days of using Octreotide. Cardiovascular system: in some cases – tachycardia, bradycardia.

Metabolic disorders: possible impairment of glucose tolerance after meals (Octreotide has an inhibitory effect on the formation of GH, glucagon and insulin), hypoglycemia; in rare cases with prolonged treatment the development of persistent hyperglycemia is possible. Other: rare – allergic reactions, alopecia; in some cases – anaphylactic reactions.

Overdose

The administration of octreotide in a dose of up to 2000 mcg as a p/u injection 3 times over several months has been known to be well tolerated.

The maximum single dose when administered by IV bolus in an adult patient was 1000 mcg.

The symptoms noted were decreased heart rate, “rushes” of blood to the face, abdominal pain of a spastic nature, diarrhea, nausea, and a feeling of emptiness in the stomach.

All of these symptoms resolved within 24 hours of administration. One patient was inadvertently administered an excessive dose of octreotide of 250 mcg/h (instead of 25 mcg/h) by prolonged infusion, with no side effects.

There were no life-threatening reactions in acute overdose.

Treatment: symptomatic therapy.

Similarities