Nemozol, 400 mg

Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug, pharmacological properties of which are due to the action of the active substance – albendazole. Albendazole belongs to the group of carbamate benzimidazoles. The mechanism of action of albendazole is its ability to disrupt the activity of microtubule system of cells of the intestinal canal of helminths, causing damage to tubulin protein.

The consequence of this is biochemical disorders in the cell – inhibition of glucose transport and fumaratreductase, which underlies the suppression of cell division at the metaphase stage and which is associated with inhibition of oviposition and development of helminth larvae. Albendazole blocks movement of secretory granules and other organelles in muscle cells of roundworms, causing their death.

Albendazole is effective against most intestinal nematodes and larval (larval stages) of cestodes as well as giardia. Albendazole as an antiparasitic drug has a fairly broad spectrum of action.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption. After oral administration the drug is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and is not determined in unchanged form in blood plasma. Bioavailability is low when taken orally. Fatty food increases absorption and maximum concentration by 5 times.

Metabolism. Albendazole is rapidly converted in the liver to the primary metabolite – albendazole sulfoxide, which also has anthelmintic activity.

Distribution. Maximum plasma concentration of albendazole sulfoxide is reached 2-5 hours after administration. By 70% metabolite is bound to plasma proteins and completely distributed throughout the body: detected in urine, bile, liver, in the wall and fluid of helminth cysts, cerebrospinal fluid.

Extraction. Albendazole sulfoxide in the liver is converted into albendazole sulfone (secondary metabolite) and other oxidized products. Half-life of albendazole sulfoxide is 8-12 hours. It is excreted through the kidneys in the form of various metabolites. Excretion of albendazole and albendazole sulfoxide through the kidneys is insignificant. Clearance does not change in patients with impaired renal function.

In patients with liver damage – bioavailability is increased, maximum concentration of albendazole sulfoxide in blood plasma is increased by 2 times and the half-life is prolonged.

Albendazole induces cytochrome SUR1A2 in human liver cells and accelerates metabolism of many drugs.

Indications

Active ingredient

Composition

1 tablet contains:

The active ingredient:

albendazole 400 mg;

Associates:

corn starch,

sodium lauryl sulfate,

povidone-30,

methylparaben,

propylparaben,

pp> gelatin,

purified talc,

sodium starch glycolate,

colloidal silicon dioxide,

magnesium stearate;

Composition of the shell:

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, titanium dioxide, propylene glycol; isopropanol, methylene chloride (evaporate during drying).

How to take, the dosage

Ingestion, during or after a meal. Special preparation and diet are not required. The dosage form is chosen individually, depending on the convenience of taking the drug and tolerance of its constituents.

The dose of the drug is set individually, depending on the type of infestation and body weight of the patient.

The maximum daily dose is 800 mg.

In children, if possible, high doses of albendazole should be avoided for a long time.

In nematode infections (including ascariasis, trichocephaliasis, necatorasis)
The standard dose for treatment of roundworm infestation in adults and children with body weight 60 kg or more is 400 mg once daily;
In adults and children with body weight less than 60 kg – 15 mg/kg of body weight once or in 2 doses.

In case of enterobiasis adults and children over 3 years old take the drug in a dose of 400 mg once. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated in 14 days in the same dose and in the same regimen.

In case of strongyloidiasis and ankylostomiasis adults and children over 3 years old take the preparation in a dose of 400 mg once for 3 days. If necessary the course of treatment is repeated in 7 days in the same dose.

In case of trichinellosis the drug is taken in dose of 400 mg twice a day for 10-14 days. In case of severe infestation and organ lesions (myocarditis, pneumonitis, meningoencephalitis) glucocorticosteroid and symptomatic agents are also taken.

In case of toxocariasis the drug is taken in adults and children over 14 years old and with body weight over 60 kg 400 mg 2 times a day for 10 days, with body weight less than 60 kg – 200 mg. Repeated courses of treatment at an interval of 2 weeks/month are required. In the course of treatment it is necessary to control peripheral blood (once every 5-7 days) and aminotransferases during the same period.

In giardiasis: 400 mg once a day for 3 days. In children with body weight less than 10 kg -200 mg once a day for 5 days.

In mixed infestations the drug is taken in 400 mg 2 times a day for 3 days. If necessary the course of treatment can be repeated in 1 month.

In neurocysticercosis and hydatidosis echinococcosis patients with body weight 60 kg or more should take 400 mg 2 times a day, in those with body weight less than 60 kg – at the rate of 15 mg/kg of body weight in 2 doses per day; maximum daily dose – 800 mg. The course of treatment in case of neurocysticercosis is 28-30 days (2 days before taking the drug and during the first week of taking it glucocorticosteroid preparations), in case of echinococcosis – 3 cycles of 28 days each with 14-day interval between the cycles.

Before using the drug a clinical blood test and a biochemical blood test are required. The treatment is carried out with normal laboratory values. During treatment, blood and aminotransferases are tested every 5-7 days.

When leukocytes decrease below 3.0×109 and 2-fold increase in aminotransferase activity, treatment should be suspended until normalization of the parameters.

The therapy with the drug can be resumed when the laboratory values return to the levels seen before therapy began, however, laboratory tests should be performed regularly during therapy.

Prescription of hepatoprotectors during treatment and in cases of toxic manifestations is ineffective, withdrawal of the drug is necessary.

The treatment with albendazole for alveolar echinococcosis is additional.

The doses and regimen of the drug are the same as in hydatid echinococcosis. The duration and course of treatment is determined by the patient’s condition and tolerability of the drug.

Interaction

Special Instructions

The therapy should be discontinued if leukopenia develops. In neurocysticercosis with ocular lesions the retina should be examined before starting treatment (risk of exacerbating its pathology).

Women of reproductive age should be tested for the absence of pregnancy before starting treatment. Safe contraception is mandatory during therapy.

Patients receiving high doses should be closely monitored, with constant monitoring of blood and liver function.

Contraindications

– Hypersensitivity to albendazole, other components of the drug and other benzimidazole derivatives;
– retinal pathology;
– childhood under 3 years (for this dosage form);
– pregnancy and breastfeeding period.

With caution
The drug Albendazole is used with caution in patients with liver function disorders (it is necessary to monitor the liver function regularly before and during treatment), inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis, liver cirrhosis.

Side effects

Digestive system disorders: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, increased activity of “liver” transaminases.

Nervous system disorders: headache, dizziness, meningeal symptoms.

Hematopoietic disorders: leukopenia, granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia. Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching.

Others:Hyperthermia, increased BP, impaired renal function, alopecia, acute renal failure.

Pregnancy use

Similarities