Elfa cefazolin, 1 g

ATX: J.01.D.B.04 Cefazolin

A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral use. It acts bactericidally by disrupting cell wall synthesis of microorganisms. It has a wide spectrum of action, active against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus (not producing and producing penicillinase; including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis) and Gram-negative (Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Shigella spp, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Treponema spp., Leptospira spp.) microorganisms.

Active against Haemophilus influenzae, some strains of Enterobacter and Enterococcus.
Ineffective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, indole positive strains of Proteus spp, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Serratia spp, anaerobic microorganisms, methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus spp.

Time to reach maximum concentration (Tcmax) with intramuscular (i/m) administration at doses of 500 and 1000 mg, respectively, is 2 and 1 h; Maximum concentration (Cmax) is 38 and 64 µg/mL; after intravenous (IV) administration, Tcmax is at the end of infusion, after 1000 mg IV administration, Cmax is 180 µg/mL. It penetrates into the joints, cardiovascular tissues, abdomen, kidneys and urinary tract, placenta, middle ear, respiratory tract, skin and soft tissues. Small amounts are excreted with breast milk. Concentration in gallbladder tissue and bile is significantly higher than in blood serum.

In gallbladder obstruction concentration in bile is lower than in plasma. The volume of distribution is 0.12 l/kg. The elimination half-life (T1/2) in case of intravenous injection is 1.8 hours; when administered intravenously it is 2 hours. In patients with impaired renal function the T1/2 period is 20-40 hours.
It is eliminated mainly by kidneys unchanged: during the first 6 hours – 60-90%, after 24 hours – 70-95%. Cmax in urine is 1000 mcg/ml and 4000 mcg/ml after injection and doses of 500 mg and 1000 m, respectively.