Diacarb, tablets 250 mg, 30 pcs.

A diuretic of the group of carboangidrase inhibitors.

It produces a weak diuretic effect. Inhibits carboanhydrase enzyme in proximal convoluted tubule of nephron, increases excretion with urine of sodium, potassium, bicarbonate ions, does not affect excretion of chlorine ions; causes increase of urine pH. It disturbs acid-base balance (metabolic acidosis).

Inhibition of ciliary body carboangidrase leads to decreased secretion of aqueous humor and a decrease in intraocular pressure. Suppression of carboangidrase activity in the brain causes anticonvulsant activity of the drug.

The duration of action is up to 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetics

Intake

Acetazolamide is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. After administration of Diacarb at a dose of 500 mg C _max of the active substance is 12-27 mcg/mL and is reached after 1-3 h. The detectable plasma concentration of acetazolamide is maintained for 24 h after drug administration.

Distribution and metabolism

Distributed mainly in erythrocytes, kidneys, muscles, eyeball tissues and CNS. It binds to plasma proteins to a high degree. It penetrates through the placental barrier.

Acetazolamide is not biotransformed in the body.

Elimination

Extracted by the kidneys unchanged. About 90% of the dose is excreted in the urine within 24 hours.

Indications

Edema syndrome.

Glaucoma.

Epilepsy (in combination therapy).

Acute altitude (mountain) sickness.

Active ingredient

Composition

In 1 tablet contains:

Acetazolamide 250 mg.

Auxiliary substances:

Potato starch,

Talc,

Sodium starch glycolate.

How to take, the dosage

If the drug is missed, the dose should not be increased at the next dose.

In oedema syndrome

In the beginning of treatment, the drug is prescribed in a dose of 250-375 mg (1-1.5 tablets) 1 time per day in the morning. Maximum diuretic effect is reached when taking the drug every other day or 2 days in a row, and then there is a one-day break. While using Diacarb it is necessary to continue treatment of circulatory insufficiency, including cardiac glycosides, to follow a diet with salt restriction and to replenish potassium deficiency.

In glaucoma

In epilepsy

In simultaneous use of Diacarb with other anticonvulsants, 250 mg (1 tablet) once daily is used at the beginning of treatment, gradually increasing the dose if necessary. In children doses exceeding 750 mg/day should not be used.

In mountain sickness

The drug is recommended in a dose of 500-1000 mg (2-4 tablets) daily; if rapid ascent, 1000 mg/day. The daily dose is divided into several doses in equal doses. The drug should be used 24-48 h before ascent, and in case of disease symptoms – continue treatment for the next 48 h or more, if necessary.

Interaction

When combined with antiepileptic drugs, Diacarb increases the manifestations of osteomalacia.

When using Diacarb in combination with other diuretics and theophylline the diuretic effect is increased.

In concomitant use of Diacarb with acid-forming diuretics the diuretic effect is reduced.

In concomitant use, Diacarb increases the risk of toxic effects of salicylates, foxglove drugs, carbamazepine , ephedrine , nondepolarizing myorelaxants.

Special Instructions

If the drug is administered for more than 5 consecutive days, the risk of metabolic acidosis increases.

In long-term use of the drug the peripheral blood count, parameters of water-electrolyte balance and acid-base exchange should be monitored.

Periodic use in liver disorders

It is contraindicated in hepatic insufficiency.

The use in renal dysfunction

It is contraindicated in acute renal failure. The drug should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function because of the increased risk of metabolic acidosis.

Impact on driving and operating machinery

Diacarb, especially in high doses, may cause drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness and disorientation; therefore, during treatment, patients should not drive motor vehicles and operate machinery requiring increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Contraindications

The drug is prescribed with caution when:

Side effects

CNS and peripheral nervous system disorders

With the hematopoietic system

Water-electrolyte balance and acid-base balance

Urinary system disorders

Digestive system disorders

Dermatological reactions

Other

Overdose

There have been no reports of drug overdose or acute poisoning.

Pregnancy use

Diacarb is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.