Ciprofloxacin, 250 mg 10 pcs

Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial from the group of fluoroquinolones. It has a bactericidal effect. The drug inhibits bacterial enzyme DNA-gyrase, as a result DNA replication and synthesis of bacterial cell proteins are disrupted. Ciprofloxacin acts both on multiplying microorganisms and on those in the quiescent phase.

Ciprofloxacin is susceptible to:

Gram-negative aerobic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Citrobacter spp, Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, Hafnia alvei, Edwardsiella tarda, Providencia spp, Morganella mordarii, Vibrio spp, Yersinia spp.

Other Gram-negative bacteria: Haemophilus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella catarrhalis, Aeromona, spp, Pasteurella multocida, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Campylobacter jejuni, Neissenia spp.

Some intracellular pathogens: Legionella pneumophila, Brucella spp, Chlamydia trachomatis, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium aviumintracellulare.

Gram-positive aerobic bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (S.haemolyticus, S.hominis, S.saprophyticus), Streptococcus spp. (St. pyogenes, St. agalactiae).

The sensitivity of bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis is moderate. Most staphylococci resistant to methicillin are also resistant to Ciprofloxacin.

The following bacteria are resistant to the drug: Corynebacterium spp, Bacteroides fragilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas maltophilia.
Ureaplasma, Clostridium difficile.

The action of the drug against Treponema pallidum has not been studied enough.

Indications

Infections and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to Ciprofloxacin:
– Respiratory tract.

– Ear, throat and nose.

– Kidney and urinary tract.

– Sexual organs.

– Digestive system (including mouth, teeth, jaws).

– Gallbladder and biliary tract.

– Skin, mucous membranes and soft tissues.

– Musculoskeletal system.

– Treatment of sepsis and peritonitis.

– Prevention and treatment of infections in patients with reduced immunity (with immunosuppressant therapy).

Active ingredient

Composition

1 tablet contains:

Active ingredients:

ciprofloxacin 0.25 g.

Excipients:

corn starch,

aerosil,

crospovidone,

magnesium stearate.

The composition of the shell: oxypropyl methylcellulose, titanium dioxide, PEG-4000.

How to take, the dosage

The dose of Ciprofloxacin depends on the severity of the disease, type of infection, body condition, age, weight and kidney function of the patient. Recommended usual doses: Ciprofloxacin in dosage form of 250 mg tablets for oral administration: Uncomplicated kidney and urinary tract diseases – 250 mg, and in complicated cases – 500 mg 2 times a day.

Lower respiratory tract diseases of moderate severity – 250 mg, and in more severe cases – 500 mg, 2 times a day. For treatment of gonorrhea, a single dose of Ciprofloxacin 250-500 mg is recommended. Gynecological diseases, enteritis and colitis with severe course and fever, prostatitis, osteomyelitis – 500 mg 2 times a day (for the treatment of trivial diarrhea can be used in a dose of 250 mg 2 times a day).

The drug should be taken on an empty stomach with plenty of fluid. Patients with significant renal dysfunction should be prescribed a half dose of the drug. Duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease, but the treatment should always be continued for at least two more days after the disappearance of symptoms. Usually the duration of treatment is 7-10 days.

The use in impaired renal function

Recommended doses of the drug for patients with chronic renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance ml/min – dose): > 50 – usual dosing regimen; 30-50 – 250-500 mg once every 12 hours; 5-29 – 250-500 mg once every 18 hours.

Interaction

Concomitant use of Ciprofloxacin with didanosine decreases absorption of Ciprofloxacin due to formation of complexes of Ciprofloxacin with aluminum and magnesium salts contained in didanosine.

The concomitant administration of Ciprofloxacin and theophylline may lead to increased plasma concentrations of theophylline due to competitive inhibition in cytochrome P450 binding sites, which leads to prolongation of the half-life of theophylline and increased risk of development of theophylline-associated toxic effects.

The simultaneous use of antacids as well as agents containing aluminum, zinc, iron or magnesium ions may decrease absorption of Ciprofloxacin; therefore the interval between administration of these drugs should be at least 4 hours.

The simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and anticoagulants prolongs bleeding time.

Concomitant use of ciprofloxacin and cyclosporine increases nephrotoxic effects of the latter.

Special Instructions

Patients with a history of epilepsy, seizures, vascular disease and organic brain lesions due to the risk of CNS adverse reactions Ciprofloxacin should be prescribed only for vital signs.

In case of severe and prolonged diarrhea during or after treatment with Ciprofloxacin the diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis should be excluded and requires immediate withdrawal of the drug and appropriate treatment.

In case of tendon pain or if the first signs of tendovaginitis appear, treatment should be discontinued due to the fact that there are individual cases of inflammation and even tendon rupture described during treatment with fluoroquinolones.

During treatment with Ciprofloxacin it is necessary to ensure adequate fluid intake while maintaining normal diuresis.

Period of treatment with Ciprofloxacin contact with direct sunlight should be avoided.

Impact on driving and operating machinery: patients taking Ciprofloxacin should be careful when driving and engaging in other potentially dangerous activities that require increased attention and rapid psychomotor reactions (especially when drinking alcohol simultaneously).

Contraindications

– Pregnancy.

– Breast-feeding period.

– Childhood and adolescence under 18 years of age.

– Hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin or other drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones.

Side effects

Digestive system disorders: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, pseudomembranous colitis.

CNS disorders: headache, dizziness, fatigue, sleep disorders, nightmares, hallucinations, fainting, visual disturbances.

Urinary system disorders: crystalluria, interstitial glomerulonephritis, dysuria, polyuria, albuminuria, hematuria, transient increase in serum creatinine.

Hematopoietic system disorders: eosinophilia, leukopenia, neutropenia, decreased number of platelets.

Cardiovascular system: tachycardia, heart rhythm disorders, arterial hypotension.

Allergic reactions: skin itching, urticaria, Quincke’s edema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, arthralgia.

Systemic reactions associated with chemotherapeutic action: candidiasis.

Laboratory parameters: increased activity of liver transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, increased concentration of urea, creatinine.

Others: arthralgia; rarely photosensitization.

Overdose

Treatment: no specific antidote is known. Careful monitoring of the patient’s condition is necessary, gastric lavage, the usual first aid measures, and adequate fluid intake.

Only a small amount (less than 10%) of the drug may be eliminated by hemo- or peritoneal dialysis.

Pregnancy use

It is contraindicated in pregnancy and during breastfeeding.

Similarities